• 作者： 黃萬出; 吳劍男; 韓宇芬; 蔡麗敏
• 作者服務機構： 國防醫學院生理及生物物理學科
• 中文摘要： 本實驗旨在探討利尿劑 furosemide 及 amiloride 於單獨或合併靜脈給藥後對麻醉的雙腎單夾式腎血管性高血壓鼠的個別腎臟的作用。高血壓鼠於實驗前四週以0.25mm間隙U字形銀夾夾窄單側腎動脈製備而成，實驗時高血壓鼠及經假手術之對照鼠分別測定平均股動脈壓及雙側腎臟的廓清率。實驗結果顯示單獨給予 furosemide (1.02mg/kg.hr)顯著地使平均動脈壓下降 14±5 毫米汞柱，同時使腎動脈未狹窄側的腎臟對水分和納的排泄率增加6～10倍及鉀排泄率增高2倍。腎動脈狹窄側之腎臟的排泄功能亦顯著地增加，唯幅度低於對側者。雙側腎臟的腎小球濾過率無明顯的改變。以indome-thacin (2 mg/kg)抑制前列腺素的生成並不影響此利尿劑對高血壓鼠和正常鼠的降血壓和腎臟作用。卸除高血壓鼠的腎動脈夾使平均動脈壓下降 12±3 毫米汞柱，並增加該側腎功能，隨後注射利尿劑更增加腎排泄反應。將 amiloride (2.4 mg/kg-hr)單獨或與 furosemide 合併結于高血壓動物亦降低動脈壓，並同時增加兩側腎臟排泄水分和鈉，而鉀的排泄在前者情況時為減少，但在後者情況下則未增減。這些結果顯示利尿劑降低血壓，並同時顯著地改善了腎動脈狹窄及未狹窄側腎臟的排泄功能。此項改善與前列腺素關係極小，而且手術解除腎動脈狹窄更俾益利尿劑對該腎功能的效用。
• 英文摘要： Experiments were conducted to assess the effect of furosemide or amiloride alone and a combinationof both agents on each kidney in anesthetized 2-kidney, 1 clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats (n=52). Intra-venous infusion of furosemide alone (1.02 mg/kg‧hr) significantly reduced the blood pressure by 14±5mmHg. There were 6-to 10-fold increases in water, absolute sodium and fractional sodium excretions anda 2-fold increase in potassium excretion in the nonclipped kidney. A smaller but significant increase in theexcretory function was also observed in the clipped kidney. There was no significant change in GFR ofboth kidneys. Indomethacin pretreatment (2 mg/kg) failed to significantly alter the vasodepressor andrenal responses to furosemide in both hypertensive and normal rats. Removal of the renal artery clipfrom the hypertensive rats reduced the blood pressure by 12±3 mmHg and enhanced the function of theipsilateral, unclipped kidney. Subsequent administration of furosemide further increased the excretoryresponse. Administration of amiloride alone (2.4 mg/kg‧hr) or with furosemide into hypertensive ratsreduced the arterial pressure and increased excretion rates of urine flow and urinary sodium. Potassiumexcretion rate decreased bilaterally in amiloride treated rats but did not alter significantly in rats whichreceived a combination of amiloride and furosemide. These results indicate that diuretics ameliorate theexcretory function of both the stenotic kidney and the nonstenotic kidney and that the improvement ofthe kidney function is independent of prostaglandin. Furthermore, removal of the stenosis accentuates thebeneficial effect of diuretics on the kidney.
• 中文關鍵字： diuretics; GFR; diuresis; natriuresis; Goldblatt hypertension
• 英文關鍵字： --