• 作者： 陳?紀
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學教授
• 中文摘要： 將蘿蔔、白菜、芥藍菜及芥菜等十字花科蔬菜嵌紋病葉以陰染法行電子顯微鏡觀察之結果，經常觀察到長桿狀之TuMV之粒子。有時，在累積之毒素粒子附近可見到囊狀膜。但CMV，CAMV及REV等球形毒素則未能觀察到。又以蘿蔔嵌紋病病葉為材料之超薄切片亦未能發現上述之球形毒素，故可認定本省之十字花科蔬菜嵌紋病主由TuMV所引起。 將蘿蔔嵌紋病病組織以超薄切片法行電子顯微鏡觀察時，在其細胞內觀察到多量之束狀、風車狀及環狀之內含體。又在切片厚度較薄之束狀內含體部位觀察到內含體由數條長形粒子所構成。粒子之寬度（約12 nm）與TuMV之寬度甚接近。將束狀內含體斜切時，觀察到蜈蚣狀或羽毛狀之條紋以及長桿狀之粒子團，其寬度及長度甚接近TuMV粒子之大小。總合上述陰染法及超薄切片法之觀察結果，筆者認為此等內含體仍主由毒素粒子所構成，而其周圍則以囊狀膜包圍之。至於風車狀或環狀之構造，應為囊狀膜破裂所造成之狀態以及囊狀物之橫斷面。 寄主被TuMV為害後，粒線體受到激烈之變化，其內部之 cristae 多半消失，內容空虛；而葉綠體亦受到相當大之影響。即，其體積顯著變小，Grana 及 Lamel la均顯著褪化，亦未見有澱粉粒之形成。
• 英文摘要： Electron microscopic examination of nega-tively staining preparations of radish, chinesecabbage, chinese kale and mustard infectedwith mosaic diseases revealed the presenceof rod-shaped particles of turnip mosaic virus(TuMV). At times, sac-like membraneswere observed adjacent to the small aggre-gates of virus particles. Polyhedral virusessuch as cucumber mosaic virus (CMV),cauliflower mosaic virus (CAMV) and radishenation mosaic virus (REV) were not seenin these preparations. Furthermore, the abovementioned polyhedral viruses were not foundin ultrathin sections of radish mosaic-infect-ed leave cells. These results indicated thatmosaic diseases of cruciferae occured inTaiwan were mainly infected with TuMV. Bundles, pinwheels and ring-like inclusionswere found in ultrathin sections of radish leavecells infected with mosaic disease. At therather thin parts of sections, the bundles werecomposed of elongated particles about 12 nmwide, resembling TuMV, in a parallelarrangement. When the sections were cutobliquely, centipede-like or feather-like in-clusions, and a mass of rod-shaped particlessimilar to TuMV particles in dimentions wereobserved. From the above observations ofnegatively staining preparations and ultrathinsections, it is believed that these inclusionswere mainly consisted of virus particles thatsurrounded by sac-like membranes at theirperiphery. As regards to the pinwheels andring-like structures, they might be the pro-files caused by breakage of sac-like membranes,or the transverse figures of such membranes. The mitochondria were severely changedin the infected cells. Instead of the normalarrangement of fingerlike cristae protrudinginto the matrix, the cristae in infected cellswere disappeared, and the matrix were con-siderably more electron transparent thanthose of healthy ones. The chloroplasts, also,were drastically affected by virus infection.A number of these were reduced in size and,grana and lamella were degenerated. No starchgrains were seen in such chloroplasts ininfected cells.
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