• 作者： 徐商祥; 於有文
• 作者服務機構： 國立清華大學核子工程系
• 中文摘要： 核燃料氣體分裂物：氪 (Krypton)、氙 (Xenon) 等同位數，不但具有放射性，且能在室溫常壓下以氣態存在於大氣中，故很難用通常廢氣處理方法排除。 當意外事故發生時，從鈾燃料中滲透出來的這些氣體，若被大量施放於大氣中，無論對反應器操作人員或附近居民均有莫大之健康損害。 本研究針對氪、氙等氣體之有效捕集及同收而設計一套液氮溫吸附系統。所採用辦法為將排出之廢氣通過液態氮低溫下之活性炭吸收塔，使氪、氙等氣體化為液態而有效地吸附於活性炭中。設計上包括其吸附常數之理論計算、吸收塔容量之計算與氣體流速之測定、回收效率及吸附常數之實驗測定等。 所設計之吸附系統，經與日本日立公司1977年為臺電核能一廠所設計之系統（常溫）及尚在建造中之二廠廢氣系統（－320C）作為比較其優劣點，並詳加討論，整個系統之可行性，亦詳為分析；所得結論為本研究所採用之液氮低溫吸附效率增高，吸收塔設備及體積大為減少；故操作簡化，耐久而安全，設備費用可節省甚多，保養與操作費用亦降低。 所吸附之放射性稀有氣體　Kr, Xe 與 Xe 為極昂貴之同位素，對醫藥與精密工業之研究與發展非常重要，本報告並附設計回收系統，如完成後深信將對國家經濟發展貢獻至鉅。
• 英文摘要： The fission products Krypton and Xenonare radioactive gases at normal temperatures andpressures. They are not amenable to filtrationor any other simple separation technique andtherefore presents a serious problem. The accidental release of these gases can behazardaus both to reactor personnel and to thelocal population. The purpose of this researchis a suggestion of a design of a low temperaturecharcoal adsorption system for the off gas ofthe nuclear power plant. The basic idea forthe design is that fission gases (radioactive raregases) are adsorbed in an active charcoal systemat liquid nitrogen temperature. The theoreticaladsorption coefficients and the design of theadsorption bed have been computed with Under-hill formulism. The flow diagram and experi-mental measurements of adsorption coefficientshave also been designed. The whole system has been compared withthe 1977 Hitachi, room-temperature adsorptiondesign for Chin-Shan BWR #1 and with the-32 C system for Chin-Shan BWR #2, currentlyunder construction. The conclusions are: Theproposed liquid nitrogen temperature system ismore effective and more compact in size, thetotal volume of the adsorption column being re-duced by a factor of 20 in comparison with theChin-Shan #2 system and a factor of 100 com-pared with the Hitachi room temperature system.The total construction cost is estimated to beonly about 10% of that of the Hitachi system. A recovery system for Kr, Xe and Xe,which are adsorbed on the charcoal column，hasalso been suggested and designed, since they arevery expensive isotopes and useful in the deve-lopment of medical technology as well as in thetransistor industry. Hence, we believe that, ifsuch systems are completed, they will contributesignificantly to the development of national in-dustry and the economy.
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