• 作者： 汪禮賢
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學環境工程學系
• 中文摘要： 本研究完成碰撞淨化理論的發展、應用及實驗數據的驗證。膠懸物的沉浮決定淨化能與碰淨常數的大小而淨化能為混凝劑量、時間及溫度的函數。恒能混凝提供減量硫酸鋁混凝法可行性的理論依據。蛇紋礦含鎂矽氧化物是金屬鎂、耐火材料及寶加加工的原料，因此由蛇紋礦系列工業所排廢水含有氧化鎂氧化矽膠懸物污染水質。臺灣東部蘊藏蛇紋礦億兆噸，其鎂矽含量因礦場不同而異。本研究以硫酸鋁及氰氨330藉杯瓶實驗完成單一鎂矽及蛇紋礦膠懸物的三至四種等溫混凝與全量及減硫酸鋁混凝實驗。然後應用碰撞淨化論與實驗結果獲得時間、溫度、劑量以及能量所誘導的碰淨關連方程式，藉以預測臺灣標準蛇紋礦膠懸物的去除動力模式。預測值與實驗值誤差少於2%。 臺灣標準蛇紋礦鎂矽膠懸物重量百分比為44/56，全量硫酸鋁混凝最高去除率達到99.7%，平衡條件依次為時間884秒，溫度25℃，浮化能14,384-cal/Ω，碰淨數數2.93 × 1018，需用硫酸鋁126.01 mg/gm（0.44 MgO ＋ 0.56 SiO2）。倘添加澱粉7.56 mg/gm（0.44 MgO＋0.56 SiO2），硫酸鋁用量可減少73％，沉降速率加大一倍以上並保持全量混凝的去除率、淨化能與碰淨常數。氧化鎂氧化矽膠懸物以氰氨混330混凝去除率甚佳。氧化矽膠懸物加澱粉必須相對增加氰氨330用量或降低系統溫度方可抵消澱粉的擴散作用，其抵消率從氰氨330 2.48 mg/gm SiO2的0.025%/℃至1.51 mg/gm SiO2的0.82%/℃。
• 英文摘要： This study concerns the development ofcollipurer theory and its applications to predictremoval kinetics of serpentine suspensions fromthe effluent streams of serpentine industries bychemical treatment. In the eastern part of Taiwan, there arebillons tons of serpentinite which containsnephrite, silicon oxide and magnesium oxide.Industries which use serpentine as the startingmaterial are those of magnesium metal refinne-ries; refractory industries and nephrite finishing.The major composition of wastewaters fromserpentine industries is magnesium and siliconoxides suspensions. Its flocculations were inves-tigated. Jar test experiments were conductedusing alum and organic polyelectrolyte as theflocculants to perform three to four isothermalflocculations for systems of MgO, SiO2 andserpentine ssupensions. Kinetic removal consta-nts have been evaluated as functions of dosage,time, temperature as well as purification energy.Collipurer constants have correlated by equationsdeveloped through experimental points. Predict-ions of serpentine suspensions removal kinetiosfrom of siticon oxide and magnesium oxidesuspensions have been correlated. Results of thedata correlated are agree well with that obtainedby experimentals. The errors were of less than2%. As starch is also used as flocculant in thisstudy. Its influence on the flocculation andsettling behaviour of MgO & SiO2 suspensionswas significant. The amount of alum requiredcan be reduced by 73% by using starch 0.8%of the amount of alum of (0.44 MgO+0.56 SiO2)in the suspension and at the same time impro-ving the settling velocity by two folds. Theequilibrium conditions for serpentine suspensionat 25℃ are those as follows: removal rate=99.7%, alum=126.01 mg/gm (0.44 MgO＋0.56SiO2), flocculation time=884 seconds, purificationenergy=14,384 cal/Ω, collipurer constant=2.93× 1018. In case of 7.56 mg/gm (0.44 MgO＋0.56SiO2) starch added, the equilibrium conditionsare not changed except those of alum=33.9 mg/gm (0.44 MgO＋0.56 SiO2). Effects of superfloc-330 to the flocculation of MgO, SiO2 andserpemine suspensions are good but not goodin presence of starch. For instance, in case of8.0 mg/gm SiO2 starch added, the restoring rate,if lowering the system temperature, is approxi-mately 0.025%/℃ to 0.82%/℃ for 1.51 to 2.48mg/gm SiO2 superfloc-330 in the flocculation.
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