• 作者： 郭義雄; 徐玉標; 洪銘堅
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學農業工程學系
• 中文摘要： 本研究推導一個數學模式來模擬灌溉排水渠道之水質，模式是基於一維質量平衡方程式（One-Dimensional Mass Balance Equation） 來敘述溶解物質之斷面平均濃度在水流方向之分佈。方程式之數值積分採用隱蔽性有限差分法。 除了溶解氧—碳生化需氧量—氮生化需氧量（DO-CBOD-NBOD）相互作用之模擬外，本模式並模擬保存性物質。 本研究以竹南地區灰寮溝—大厝圳灌溉排水渠道為模式應用之實例，模擬溶解氧 （DO）、碳生化需氧量（CBOD）、氮生化需氧量（NBOD）和影響農業灌溉用水之參數，如電導度（E. C.）、可溶性總固形物（TDS）、鈣離子（Ca ）、鎂離子（Mg　）、鈉離子（Na　）和氯離子（C1　）等。本模式經校正後，其驗證之結果與觀測值頗為吻合，故本模式可用來模擬本省地區其他灌溉排水渠道之水質，為農業水質規劃與管制之有效工具。
• 英文摘要： In this study, a mathematical model wasdeveloped to simulate the water quality inirrigation-drainage canals. The model is basedon one-dimensional mass-balance equation, whichdescribes the longitudinal distributions of cross-sectional average concentrations of dissolved orsuspended substances. A scheme for detectingimplicit finite difference was employed for thenumerical integration of the equation to arriveat the concentration distributions of waterquality parameters. In addition to the simulation of the inter-dependent system of DO-CBOD-NBOD, themodel was designed to simulate also the con-servative substances. The model was applied tothe Fei-liao and Ta-chou irrigation-drainagecanal of Chu-nan area. The water qualityparameters simulated include DO, CBOD, NBODand those parameters significantly affecting thequality of irrigation water, such as electricalconductivity, totally dissolved. solids, Ca ,Mg , Na and Cl . The model has beencalibrated with, and verified against field datawith satisfactory results. It is concluded thatthe model may be applied other irrigation-drainage canals on the island, and serve as auseful tool for agricultural water qualityplanning and control.
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