• 作者： 江建
• 作者服務機構： 臺大醫學院公共衛生研究所
• 中文摘要： 人口之劇增，牽出了嚴重之污染問題。水肥所造成之河川污染，在目前已成相當嚴重之問題，本省因位於亞熱帶有豐富之日光能可利用，因之綠藻光合作用所需之原動力，甚為充裕。且同化作用之反應物，亦可攝取自細菌分解水肥後之產物。諸如：氨、二氧化碳、磷酸鹽等等，以合成其營養物，如蛋白質等。本人從事於此一研究，根據十數次之實驗結果，觀察 B.0.D.、pH、C. O. D.、總含氮量、氨氮、硝酸鹽氮、亞硝酸鹽氮、蛋白氮、氯鹽、磷酸鹽及綠藻生長之速度之每日變化（連續六天），確知氯鹽不為所變，即不被攝取應用外，其他與控制組相較都有明顯之區別。而溶氧之增減更可明瞭綠藻之活動，生長之情況。 綜觀實驗之結果，我們知道水肥可為有效而且最低廉之培養液（綠藻之年平均日產量132 ppm乾重）。而播種時，種子之濃度及其他諸因素之適當調節，都是增加產量之要鍵。大致估計，綠藻與米之單位面積產量之重量比約 12：1，顯然地，以此為動物飼料，可間接解決糧食之問題。水肥之惡臭亦因而消失，故除收淨化之效外，河川污染，暴雨後之氾濫情形，都將大大的減退了。
• 英文摘要： Title: Decomposition and Oxidation of Night Soil by Algae and its UtilitySummary: This study provides detailed prospective purification of Night Soil by algae.The strength of Night Soil has been reduced thus helping to reduce the seriousriver pollution now existing. Also, Night Soil has been successfully used to grow algae on a batch scale basiswith a higher yield than obtained elsewhere and with different conditions. Theaverage weight produced in two days was 132 p.p.m. as annual average dry weight.More intensive seeding and otherfactors should increase the yield. Weight of algae production per unit area is about 12 times more than riceproduction. Besides lower food costs other effects of this method of N.S. treatment arereduction of river pollution, reduction of flooding during heavy rains. Partial solu-tion of sewage treatment of problem of Night Soil has been studied. A new and very large source of food energy has been discovered in Taipei.Its production tonnage and protein value easily surpass that of rice. This newsource is the object of our study, the algae which turn ponds green. Nganshou Wai , Hiroshi Tamiya and Hsin-Hung Kao have demon-strated the feasibility of chlorella growth for human use. In Taiwan, the TaiwanChlorella Company of Taoyuan produces chlorella on a commercial scale. These workers use only media which are suitable for human use, with conse-quent high expense. Other workers have used the high nutrient value of sewage, animal or human,to grow algae to be used as animal food. The fact that the nutrients used by thismethod are a waste product, makes the cost much lower. The Pinnan Soong me-thod uses hog manure, the Oswald method uses western domestic sewage,while the method presented in this paper uses the undiluted form of human sewageknown as "night-soil". The first method, by soong, ingeniously uses hog manurewaste from the hog farms of the Taiwan Sugar Company in Tainan and otherplaces to produce a rich culture of scenedesmus which is used, in turn, for a hogfeed supplement. The second method uses western sewage to control algae bypromoting their growth and then harvesting them since it is these algae which areso disfiguring to ponds and streams. Numerous other studies outline thegrowth of algae and the control of important growth factors. They do this in anegative way, by regulating, or removing nitrates, and even the algae themselves or, in a positive way, by supplementing the potassium, iron or carbon contentsof sewage . The method presented in this paper uses the undiluted form of human sewagewithout diluents, known as "night-soil". For the first two methods, small scalepractical techniques have been developed to produce an animal food of high (40%to 50%) protein quality. This eventually helps to lower the cost of human proteinin meat form. It is this substance which we study.
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