• 作者： 郭宗德; 周德源
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院植物研究所
• 中文摘要： 木試驗以不同水稻品種、不同碾米度，和不同新鮮度的稻米，分別用不同品質、厚度、顏色的塑膠材料包裝，包裝時又分別以不同的處理亦即在一般的空氣，或二氧化碳，或以phostoxin燻蒸處理後貯藏在一般的倉庫，經二年的觀察，發現用此方法來包裝貯藏，如能把白米或糙米分別保存在含水量12.5%以下，可避免黴害，而在包裝後能把所有害蟲用二氧化碳或phostoxin燻蒸殺死。PE塑膠袋及Ny/PE袋均能有效的保護水分的入侵，也能防禦外來害蟲的入侵，對於米質的顏色、形態、光澤及氣味，又煮成米飯後的香味、黏度，都與冷藏在冰箱中做對照者沒有什麼差別。 在淡水倉庫現場大型的試驗，也顯示類似結果，故利用塑膠包裝加上phostoxin的燻蒸，或二氧化碳的處理等綜合性的方法，可以達到稻米貯藏的目的。此方法的最大弱點是鼠害及搬運時的破裂。故在儘量減少搬運的次數及貯藏在老鼠不能侵入的倉庫為最理想。
• 英文摘要： The experiments were tried out both onsmall scale at our laboratory and on practicalscale at Tansui warehouse. Brown and polishedrice grains respectively packed with bags madeof nylon-polyethylene, polyethylene and juteunder air or (方程式無法摘錄) gas atmosphere were storedin rat-free warehouse. Instead of (方程式無法摘錄) gastreatment, fumigation of stored rice with phos-toxin before or after package was also con-ducted for comparison. Every month the po-pulation of fungi, damage by insects and chem-ical and biological changes during the storagewere analyzed and compared for 2 years. The brown and polished rice packed inconventional jute bags were attacked by insectsand caused serious damage after two monthsstorage, and the grain was completely destroyedby insects and fungi after six months storage.However, all brown and polished rice tightlysealed in nylon/ployethylene and polyethylenebags filled with COZ, air or fumigation of storedrice with phostoxin were found to give betterprotection than conventional methods from theravages of weevils and from microbial infectionafter 2 years storage. Also the grain retainedits chemical and·biological properties muchbetter. Change of rice quality was undetect-able or insignificant. Cooked rice preparedfrom grains stored in new method was almostthe same as that from rice stored at a controlledlow temperature. Since polyethylene is cheaperthan nylon /polyethylene. It was suggested thatpolyethylene bags can replace nylon/polyethylene.If the (方程式無法摘錄) treatment is difficult in practicalscale, phostoxin fumigation can be used to re-place it.
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