• 作者： 王遠嘉
• 作者服務機構： Center for Social Science Studies National Cheng Kung University
• 中文摘要： This study deals with the historical development of capitalism in modern Indonesia from the perspective of the relation between the state and the capitalist class. It will focus on a series of problems related to the development of capitalism in Indonesia Gthe relationship between the development of capitalism and the formation of the capitalist class. The research will use the development of forest industries in Kalimantan as a case study to analysis the formation of the bureaucratic capitalist class in Indonesia. From the West European experience, during the early stage the development of capitalism, these were some uneasy and antagonistic relationships between the capitalist class and the state apparatuses to provide a liberal and legitimate environment for their developments. On the contrary, due to historical reasons, Indonesia lacked a native capitalist class. As a consequences, in the development of the capitalist class it not only lacked the ability to counteract the state apparatus but, on the country, needed to rely on the state apparatus to provide a stable political order, to suppers union’s activities and to enhance the capital accumulation. In addition, members of the military bureaucratic group not only do not maintain administrative neutrality, and uphold the principle of administrative professionalism, but utilize the state apparatus as their tool for capital accumulation of their own and allied themselves with the capitalist to form a new bureaucratic capitalist class in Indonesia.
• 英文摘要： 本文主要以「國家機關」和「資本階級」的關係為主軸，探討當代印尼「資本主義」發 展若干歷史結構之問題。例如印尼「資本主義」歷史發展序列問題；天然資源商品化與「資本主義」發展的關係；「資本階級」形成的歷史主體為何？並列舉加里曼丹(Kalimantan)等外 島地區森林工業之實例，分析印尼「官僚資本階級」形成的原因。以西歐歷史經驗而言，「資本主義」發展初期「資本階級」與「國家機關」呈現一種對抗緊張的關係，並且發展過程中 不斷要求「國家機關」提供自由化、法制化的環境。相反地，印尼由於歷史性的原因缺乏本土性的「資本階級」，在發展過程中「資本階級」不但缺乏抗衡「國家機關」的能力，反而 必須依賴「國家機關」提供穩定的政治秩序，壓制工會活動，使其加速資本累積。其次是占據「國家機關」的軍人官僚集團的成員不但不維持行政中立、依法行政的專業倫理，甚至將 「國家機關」視為制度性的累積資本工具，同時與資本家結盟發展成為當代印尼新興「官僚資 本階級」。
• 中文關鍵字： Capitalism, State Apparatus, Bureaucratic Capitalist Class, Civic Society, Capital Accumulation
• 英文關鍵字： 資本主義，國家機關，官僚資本階級，資本累積，公民社會