• 作者： 劉錦添; 邱秋塋
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院經濟研究所; 國立政治大學國貿研究所
• 中文摘要： 本文係利用行政院經建會實地廠商調查資料，分析臺灣地區污染防治管制措施對水泥、鋼鐵、造紙與石化四個產業的影響。研究結果發現在1984年至1988年污染防治設備佔全部生產設備的比例以水泥業、鋼鐵業較高，而造紙業與石化業較低；污染防治操作成本佔總生產成本的比例介於1.93％至3.42％歸之問。水泥業、鋼鐵業與造紙業的廢氣與廢水污染排放量平均而言呈現逐年下降的趨勢。根據Schmidtand Sickles（1984）的橫斷面與時間序列合併資料隨機性生產邊界模型，發現四個行業的平均生產技術效率以水泥業最高，為89.8％，石化業最低，為75.6％，而鋼鐵業與造紙業分別為83.3％與81.2％。
• 英文摘要： The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of pollution regulations on the cement, steel, paperand pulp, and petro-chemical industries, using the survey data from the Council for the Economic Developmentand Planning of the Executive Yuan. It is found that the percentages of pollution control equipment relativeto total capital equipment in the cement and steel industries are higher than those in the paper and pulp, and thepetro-chemical industries from 1984 to 1988. The percentages of pollution control operation cost relative to totalproduction cost are between 1.93 and 3.42. The average air and water pollutants in the cement, steel，and paperand pulp industries have a tendency to decrease over time. Based on the stochastic production frontier modelderived by Schmidt and Sickles (1984), we also find that the average production technical efficiency in thecement industry is the highest among the four industries at 89.8%, and that the petro-chemical industry is thelowest at only 75.6%, while the steel and paper and pulp industries fall in the middle at 83.3% and 81.2%respectively.
• 中文關鍵字： 污染管制措施; 生產技術效率; 隨機性生產邊界模型
• 英文關鍵字： --