- 作者: Jeen-Hwa Wang
- 中文摘要: Based on the 1-D dynamical lattice model proposed by R. Burridge and L. Knopoff in their 1967’s paper, with velocity-dependent friction and a uniform or an inhomogeneous distribution of the breaking strengths (i.e., static friction strength), the Gutenberg-Richter-type frequency-magnitude (FM) relation has been studied by numerous authors. In this work, the publications on the effects on the FM relation and its scaling exponent, i.e., the b-value, of earthquakes due to model parameters are reviewed. The main model parameters include the decreasing rate, r, of the dynamic frictional force with sliding velocity, the degree of heterogeneity of the distribution of the breaking strengths, the stiffness ratio s, defined as the ratio of the stiffness of the coil spring between two mass elements to that of the leaf spring between a mass element and the moving plate, the friction drop ratio, g, of the minimum dynamic frictional force to the breaking strength and the maximum breaking strength, Fomax. Some authors have used a fractal distribution of the breaking strengths. The fractal dimension is used to define such a distribution. The main simulation results show that three kinds of model events are generated. They are microscopic, localized, and de-localized events. Localized events exhibit the Gutenberg-Richter-type FM relation, but this is not the case for the other two kinds of events. The range of magnitudes of localized events depends upon the stiffness ratio s. The FM relation and the b-value are remarkably affected by the type of friction law, the weakening rate, r, the friction drop ratio, g, and the maximum breaking strength, Fomax, but not by the fractal dimension, D, of the distribution of the breaking strengths. The b-value of the cumulative frequency-magnitude relation is less than that of the discrete frequency-magnitude relation. There exists a power-law relation between b and s: b~s2/3 for the cumulative frequency-magnitude relation and b~s1/2 for the discrete frequency-magnitude relation. Such a power-law relation does not depend upon r, g, and Fomax.
- 英文摘要: --
- 中文關鍵字: the Gutenberg-Richter frequency-magnitude relation, the b-value, the 1-D dynamical lattice model, friction, frictional strength, fractal dimension
- 英文關鍵字: --