• 作者： 陳忠榮、劉錦添、孫佳宏
• 作者服務機構： 國立中央大學產業經濟研究所;國立臺灣大學經濟學系;澳洲國立大學經濟學系
• 中文摘要： This paper applies the Non-neutral Stochastic Frontier Production Function proposed by C.J. Hung and J.T. Liu at 1994 to estimate and compare technical efficiency of small and medium enterprises (SEMs) and large firms in Taiwanese Electronic industry. The empirical data is adopted from the raw data of 1986 Census Survey. Our empirical results can be concluded in the following: (1) All nine 4-digit industries under consideration are non-neutral at 1% level of significance. This indicates that Marginal Mate of Technical Substitution (MRTS) and technical efficiency are not independent. (2) The average values of technical efficiency of 4-digit industries lie between 0.7754 and 0.87842. (3) Large firms tend to have higher average values of technical efficiency than SEMs except for the Electronic Wire and Cable industry (code: 3613). In addition, the economics of scales of SEMs tend to be larger than that of large firms except the case of Electronic Product industry (code: 3622). (4) Assume SEMs and large firms do not have the same production function, we then reestimate their stochastic production functions separately. The results indicate that the values of technical efficiency of large firms tend to decrease, while that of SEMs tends to remain stable.
• 英文摘要： 本文係利用C.J. Huang 與 J.T. Liu於1994年提出的「非中立性隨機邊界模型」，以臺灣電子業四欄位產業及廠商為例，估計並比較大企業與中小企業之邊界生產函數與技術效率之差異。實證資料係取自民國75年工商普查製造業廠商原始調查磁帶。依據本文之實證結果，我們得到以下幾點結論：(1) 9個四欄位產業在1% 的顯著水準下，全都是「非中立性」的效率迴歸式，這顯示要素投入間的邊際替代率（Marginal Mate of TechnicalSubstitution, MRTS）與技術效率並非是獨立；(2) 根據四欄位產業之邊界生產函數與效率迴歸式，計算四欄位產業技術效率，其平均值介於 0.775 至 0.878之間；(3) 除了電線電纜業（3613）外，大企業比中小企業擁有更高的平均技術效率。此外，中小企業的平均規模報酬大都高於大企業，唯一例外的是電子產品業（3622）；(4) 若假設大企業與中小企業並不具有相同的生產函數，分別估計兩條邊界生產函數則發現，大企業的技術效率較合併估計時為低，但中小企業之技術效率則變化不大。
• 中文關鍵字： technical efficiency, electronics industry, stochastic frontier, small and medium enterprise, large enterprise
• 英文關鍵字： 技術效率，電子業，隨機邊界，中小企業，大企業