• 作者： 林茂村；陳雲峰；劉國光；張向忠
• 作者服務機構： 國防醫學院生理及生物物理學系
• 中文摘要： 本實驗的主要目的是觀測九隻雄性大白鼠對環境溫度之變化(範圍8-31°C)與其體溫調節反應之關係。在環境溫度低於28°C時，新陳代謝性熱(M)之產生隨著環境溫度(Ta)之下降作直線的增加，因此在Ta等於8°C時的M值乃為Ta等於290C時的二倍之多。呼吸道蒸發熱散失(Eres)隨Ta之增高而增加，在Ta為31°C時的Eres約為在Ta為8°時 之五倍。在Ta為15°C時，全身皮膚的熱通透量(K)約為6.7 W/m2°C，而在Ta為31°C時K值則增加至20.1 W/m2°C。 背部、尾巴和小腿部皮膚的溫度均因Ta之增高而增加。但是皮膚上覆有較多毛髮的地區(如背部)，其皮膚溫度之增高遠較沒有毛髮的皮膚地區(如尾巴和小腿部)為少。更有進者，腹腔注射藥物apomorphine則引起大白鼠的體溫下降。此等降溫作用乃因尾巴及小腿部的皮下血管擴張之故(因為皮膚溫度昇高)。背部皮溫不但不昇高反而隨著體溫之降低而降低。由此可見，大白鼠的尾部和小腿部皮膚的血管是主要的散熱機構。
• 英文摘要： A partitional calorimetric study was carried out on nine male Sprague-Dawley rats over an ambient temperature (Ta) range 8-31蚓. At ambient temperatures below 28蚓 metabolic heat production (M) increased linearly with decreasing Ta so that at Ta=&蚓 M it was more than twice that at Ta=29蚓. Respiratory evaporative heat loss {Eres) increased with rise in air temperature from Ta=8蚓 to Ta=31蚓. At Ta=31蚓, Eres was about 5 times the value at Ta=8蚓. At temperatures below 15蚓 whole body conductance (k) had a minimal value of 6.7 W/m2 蚓 and at Ta=31蚓 increased to a value of 20.1 W/m2 蚓. Each skin temperature of specific peripheral areas (back, tail or feet) increased progressively with increasing Ta, but the temperature over furred area (back) rose much less than did that over thinly furred areas (tail and feet). Further evidence of the role of the tail and the feet in heat exchanges was obtained from the fact that apomorphine treatment induced peripheral vasodilation (confined to the skin areas of both the tail and the feet), causing foot skin and tail skin temperatures to rise, while the back skin temperature and rectal temperature declined upon the drug administration.
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