• 作者： 王淑美; 楊西苑; 盧國賢; 林槐三
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學醫學院解剖學研究所
• 中文摘要： 本研究係利用細胞特有的形態特徵及分析細胞在不同實驗處理下的反應來鑑別倉鼠腦下腺前葉之生長激素細胞及促腎上腺激素細胞（吾等暫稱為S細胞與C細胞）的微細構造。 S細胞具長柱形或惰圓形之外形（直徑約8-13 m）。胞核大且呈圓形。具有一些扁平槽狀的顆粒性內質網，高基氏器位於胞核附近。其分泌顆粒呈圓形（直徑280-330nm），電子密度甚高，並且不與特殊之醣蛋白染法 Periodic AcidSilver Methenamine（PASM）反應。注射大量之睪丸峒引起S細胞內分泌顆粒堆積，此觀察結果與動物經此處理致使腦下腺內生長激素含量增加之事實一致。故吾等推論S細胞可能是分泌生長激素的細胞。 C細胞具不規則之外形，並經常與S細胞形成獨特的關係位置：即C細胞多位於細胞索中央，伸出胞突，圍繞S細胞後，止於血管周圍。胞質內含有短槽狀之顆粒性內質網，高基氏器則多位於胞核附近。分泌顆粒呈圓形或稍不規則外形，其大小及電子密度之差異均甚明顯，一般分佈於胞膜內綠。分泌顆粒不與PASM反應。其顆粒（直徑約280-800nm）之形態類似中葉細胞者。腎上腺切除四週後，C細胞肥大，呈高度活化的形態特徵。此結果與腎上腺切除所引起腦下腺內促腎上腺激素的合成與分泌的變化是一致的。故吾等推論C細胞可能是促腎上腺激素細胞。
• 英文摘要： Presumptive somatotrophs and corticotrophs were identified in the adenohypophysis of the goldenhamster by their distinct morphological features along with their responses to experimental treatments ofanimals, being tentatively called S and C cells, respectively. S cells (about 8-13 win in diameter) are columnar or oval in shape with a large round nucleus. Therough endoplasmic reticulum, which occurs in stacks of flattened cisternae, and the Golgi apparatus arefound near the nucleus. The secretory granules are round in shape and electron dense with a diameterof about 280-330 nm and do not react to periodic acid silver methenamine (PASM) method. The finestructure of S cells was insignificantly altered by castration, thyroidectomy, or adrenalectomy. In thepituitary isografts under the renal capsule or in the animals after treatment with large doses of testosteronepropionate (TP) S cells appeared neither hypertrophic nor hyperplastic. In the latter experiment, however,an accumulation of secretory granules in the cytoplasm of S cells was noted. Based on these observationsand because it has been shown that administration of androgen promotes the storage of growth hormonein the pituitary, S cells are probably the somatotrophs in the hamster hypophysis. The C cell is very large with an irregular contour and is usually located at the center of a clusterof S cells, extending its cytoplasmic processes between the latter towards the neighboring sinusoids. Shortcisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus are located near the nucleus. Secre-tory granules of C cells are round or slightly irregular in shape, vary greatly in density and size (280-800 nmin diameter), and are often distributed at the periphery of the cytoplasm. The secretory granules contain afinely granular matrix similar in texture to that in the cells of the pars intermedia and do not react to PASMmethod. Four weeks after adrenalectomy, C cells appeared greatly stimulated to possess well developedorganelles indicative of a high secretory activity. This is matched with the known responses of the pituitaryin the synthesis and secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) following adrenalectomy. It isconcluded that C cells may be the ACTH producing cells in the hamster pituitary.
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