• 作者： 施木青
• 作者服務機構： 中國醫孳學院醫事技術學系
• 中文摘要： 為評估紅血球抗體篩檢試驗與交叉試驗在血庫作業上之實用價值，筆者以2826位受血者為對象，在輸血前做紅血球抗體篩檢試驗，發現26人有陽性反應，陽性率為0.92%，檢出之抗體也以冷凝集素居多，佔88 .5%，溫凝集素僅佔11 .5%。另對6300位受血者作全套交叉試驗，發現18人有不合現象，陽性率僅為0.289%，在這18人當中，有16人其抗體篩檢試驗也呈現陽性反應。其差異顯示前者對抗體檢出率較後者高三倍。而且較為經濟，操作也省時方便。輸血前之安全檢查，若能先行病人之紅血球抗體篩檢試驗再配合鹽液室溫階段反應的交叉試驗，用以取代現行的全套交叉試驗，在技術上，經濟上，實用性與安全性都具有高度的可行性。
• 英文摘要： In order to evaluate the practical value ofRBC antibody screening test and conpletecross matcy test befor transfusion, 2826 reci-pients were tested for the RBC antibody test.Twenty-six had positive reaction. positiverate was 0.92%. Sixty three hundred recipients(including the former 2826 recipients) weretested for the complete cross match test.Eighteen had incompatible agglutination inone or more of the 3 phases interpretation.The positive rate was 0.289% only. In the 18incompatible recipients，16 had positive reac-tion in RBC antibody screening test，another2 recipients one had doubtful false positivereaction and the other one had nonspecificcold agglutinine．Comparing the two tests,the former had 3 times higher sensitivity.Most of the incompatible cross match canbe covered in RBC antibody screeningtest．In practice，the former test econo-mized reagents，time and manpower. Itis recommeded that RBC antibody screeningtest replace 37°C high protein phase andantiglobulin phase of the cross match test.Especially during the urgent or massivetransfusion，the blood can be issued afternegative R0 saline phase reaction，if the RBCantibody screening test was negative.
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