- 作者: Kathleen M. Davis Jang-Yen Wu
- 作者服務機構: Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Medical Chemistry. University of Kansas, Lawrence, kans., USA
- 中文摘要: --
- 英文摘要: The pharmacological effects of ethanol are complex andwidespread without a well-defined target. Since gluta-matergic and GABAergic innervation are both dense anddiffuse and account for more than 80% of the neuronalcircuitry in the human brain, alterations in glutamatergicand GABAergic function could affect the function of allneurotransmitter systems. Here, we review recent pro-gress in glutamatergic and GABAergic systems witha special focus on their roles in alcohol dependenceand alcohol withdrawal-induced seizures. In particular,NMDA-receptors appear to play a central role in alcoholdependence and alcohol-induced neurological disor-ders. Hence, NMDA receptor antagonists may have mul-tiple functions in treating alcoholism and other addic-tions and they may become important therapeutics fornumerous disorders including epilepsy, Parkinson's dis-ease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's chorea,anxiety, neurotoxicity, ischemic stroke, and chronic pain.One of the new family of NMDA receptor antagonists,such as DETC-MESO, which regulate the redox site ofNMDA receptors, may prove to be the drug of choice fortreating alcoholism as well as many neurological dis-eases.
- 中文關鍵字: --
- 英文關鍵字: L-Glutamate. GABA. Alcoholism. Glutamate receptors. GABA receptors. Decarboxylase