• 作者： 林正?
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學土壤研究所
• 中文摘要： 本研究在於導引並討論一些建立系統方程式的理論過程，以描述水分在土體中守恒的一些性質。主要的重點在於連繫一般流體輸送理論以及所伴隨的假設條件和一個可用於研究各種土體水分行為的通用方程式組的關係。該通用方程式組還包括可能使土體中的水分進行滲入及滲出的機制。各種所需的系統參數或輔助方程式都給予設定並對其適用性加入討論。有關田間土壤的非同向性及非均勻性造成系統方程式組在實際應用時的困難，建議以數值分析技術予以克服。本文另以地下排水與灌溉的系統為例仔細討論如何模擬土體中水分滲出及滲入的情形，由於假設條件多且附帶參數可能不易求取，最後並建議在使用所得之控制方程式組前，應對系統特性及限制有清楚的界定。
• 英文摘要： Theoretical processes were shown and discussed to construct a system of equations describing theconservative properties of water in a solum．Emphasis was placed on relating the general transport theoriesand the assumptions to the general equations which were physically applicable, in order to study thegeneral behavior of water transport with its sink/source-types mechanism in a solum. Constitutive para-meters and functions were closely supported and their limitations were discussed. Problems arising in theapplication of the model due to anisotropic or heterogeneous properties of a solum in actual fields, wereproposed to be solved by a numerical technique. A particular system for subsurface drainage and irriga-tion was discussed in detail with regard to how the sink/source behavior can be simulated. With regard toapplication of the governing equation, it was suggested that care be taken to well define the system of aproblem before trying to solve the equations.
• 中文關鍵字： soil water; unsaturated flow
• 英文關鍵字： --