• 作者： 曾聰徹
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院植物研究所
• 中文摘要： 去年自國外進口玉米經調查結果，污染真菌及黃麴毒素的情形如下： (1)玉米污染菌類的情形－－從泰國、美國、阿根廷、南非、印尼、莫三鼻克等國家進口的玉米，分別接種在三種不同的培養基，Malt salt agar，Czapek solution agar和Potato dex-trose agar 在 280　C下，培養一星期，結果發現被試樣品大都污染真菌，其污染情形隨進口地區而異，常見的有下列幾種：Aspergillus flavus；A.candidus；A.pdrasiticus：A. ochra-ceous ; A. niger；A. glaucus；A. terreus；Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Rhi-zopus spp., 及Mucor spp.等，所有被試樣品中以A. flavus出現率最高，以進口原產地而言，泰國較嚴重。 (2)玉米污染真菌毒素的情形－－本實驗以檢查黃麴毒素（Aflatoxins）為主，根據定性定量分析結果在所有被試的樣品當中，有百分之三十以上的玉米被Aflatoxins所污染，其污染情形跟玉米上真菌的分佈有正相關之關係。一般言之，Aflatoxins B為最常見者，其含量最低20ppb.最高900ppb。
• 英文摘要： Numerous storage fungi, e.g. Aspergillusflavus, A. Candidus，A. pdrasiticus, A. och-raceous, A. niger, A. glaucus, A. terreus,Penicillium spp., Fdsarium spp., Rhizopusspp., and Mucor spp., were isolated fromimported corns when they were inoculatedon Malt salt agar, Czapek solution agar andpotato dextrose agar at 28 C for 2 weeks.Aspergillus flavus groups, one of the potentaflatoxin-producing strains, were more fre-quently found in the samples obtained fromThialand then the samples from the otherareas such as Argentina, Indonisia, SouthAfrica, and United States. Aflatoxin contamination of importedcorns were detected by using thin-layerchromatography, spectrophotometer andflurorospectrophotometer. It was observedthat more than 30% of tested corn kernelswhich contaminated with aflatoxin B invarious level. Generally, the samples whichseverely damaged and contaminated withstorage fungi exhibited a higher level ofaflatoxion as compared with sound kernels.
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