• 作者： 蔣?玲; 李國欽
• 作者服務機構： 臺灣植物保護中心
• 中文摘要： 本研究採用Ames氏等人(2)所發展之腸炎菌（Salmonella typhimurium）突變菌種TA100及TA98為回復突變偵測法之供試菌種，加入由大白鼠肝臟均質汁與產生輔酵素NADPH之物質混合成之S-9 mix行酵素活化作用，在受試之80種農藥及三種農藥代謝物中，77種未顯出有誘變性質，而除草劑Surflan, TOK, X-52及殺菌劑Terrazole使TA100產生突變，此種性質並不因加入S-9 mix而有增強或減弱之趨勢，殺線蟲劑DBCP使TA100及TA98都產生突變，當劑量在50μg以下，若將之先與S-9 mix及TA100混合保溫，則造成TA100突變之現象有增強之趨勢，另外殺菌劑Zincofol於TA100上也顯出誘變性，此種性質因加入S-9 mix而消失。 上面所採用之偵測法，據Ames氏等的報告指稱，其測得致癌物之誘變性的機率可達95%，因為微生物系統所偵測到的僅是基因突變，若再配合以測定其他類型遺傳物質變異的簡單偵測法，則對一化合物之誘變性及致癌性的慢性毒理評估將更為可靠，配合這類費用低，偵測期短，而準確度頗大的簡易偵測法，作為政府對農藥慢性毒理評估之參考，乃是可行之道。
• 英文摘要： 80 pesticides (including 23 fungicides, 13herbicides and 44 insecticides) and 3 pesticidemetabolites were studied to determine their ca-pacity for inducing mutation with the Salmonella∕mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test as de-veloped by Ames et al. Results indicated that: (1) three herbicides-surflan, TOK, X-52 and one fungicide-terrazolewere mutagenic on strain TA100, and their mu-tagenic capacity was not changed in the pre-sence of liver microsomal fraction; (2) the ne-matocide-DBCP was mutagenic on both strainTA100 and TA98, and the mutagenic capacitywas increased in the presence of liver microso-mal fraction after pre-incubation; (3) the fun-gicide-zincofol was mutagenic on strain TA100,and the mutagenic capacity was decreased in thepresence of liver microsomal fraction. Further studies are underway to combinethis assay with other short-term mutagenicitytests as a buttery of tests to run on the pesticideapplied for registration in Taiwan.
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