- 作者: Yen-Liang Li & Wen-Chun Hung
- 作者服務機構: 1.National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan 2.School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- 中文摘要:
- 英文摘要:
Metastasis is a major cause of death in patients with cancer. The two main routes for cancer cell dissemination are
the blood and lymphatic systems. The underlying mechanism of hematogenous metastasis has been well character‑
ized in the past few decades. However, our understanding of the molecular basis of lymphatic metastasis remains at
a premature stage. Conceptually, cancer cells invade into lymphatic capillary, passively move to collecting lymphatic
vessels, migrate into sentinel lymph node (SLN;, the frst lymph node to which cancer cells spread from the primary
tumor), and enter the blood circulatory system via the subclavian vein. Before arriving, cancer cells release specifc
soluble factors to modulate the microenvironment in SLN to establish a beachhead for successful colonization. After
colonization, cancer cells inhibit anti-tumor immunity by inducing the recruitment of regulatory T cell and myeloidderived suppressor cells, suppressing the function of dendritic cell and CD8+ T cell, and promoting the release of
immunosuppressive cytokines. The development of novel strategies to reverse cancer cell-triggered SLN remodeling
may re-activate immunity to reduce beachhead buildup and distant metastasis. In addition to being a microanatomic
location for metastasis, the SLN is also an important site for immune modulation. Nanotechnology-based approaches
to deliver lymph node-tropic antibodies or drug-conjugated nanoparticles to kill cancer cells on site are a new direc‑
tion for cancer treatment. Conversely, the induction of stronger immunity by promoting antigen presentation in
lymph nodes provides an alternate way to enhance the efcacy of immune checkpoint therapy and cancer vaccine.
In this review article, we summarize recent fndings on the reprogramming of SLN during lymphatic invasion and
discuss the possibility of inhibiting tumor metastasis and eliciting anti-tumor immunity by targeting SLN. - 中文關鍵字:
- 英文關鍵字: Lymph node, Immune, Metastasis, Microenvironment