- 作者: Claudio Muscari, Emanuele Giordano, Francesca Bonafe, Marco Govoni, Alice Pasini and Carlo Guarnieri
- 作者服務機構: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna 48 40126, Italy
- 中文摘要: --
- 英文摘要: The efficiency of regenerative medicine can be ameliorated by improving the biological performances of stem cells before their transplantation. Several ex-vivo protocols of non-damaging cell hypoxia have been demonstrated to significantly increase survival, proliferation and post-engraftment differentiation potential of stem cells. The best results for priming cultured stem cells against a following, otherwise lethal, ischemic stress have been obtained with brief intermittent episodes of hypoxia, or anoxia, and reoxygenation in accordance with the extraordinary protection afforded by the conventional maneuver of ischemic preconditioning in severely ischemic organs. These protocols of hypoxic preconditioning can be rather easily reproduced in a laboratory; however, more suitable pharmacological interventions inducing stem cell responses similar to those activated in hypoxia are considered among the most promising solutions for future applications in cell therapy. Here we want to offer an up-to-date review of the molecular mechanisms translating hypoxia into beneficial events for regenerative medicine. To this aim the involvement of epigenetic modifications, microRNAs, and oxidative stress, mainly activated by hypoxia inducible factors, will be discussed. Stem cell adaptation to their natural hypoxic microenvironments (niche) in healthy and neoplastic tissues will be also considered.
- 中文關鍵字: --
- 英文關鍵字: Hypoxia, Reoxygenation, Preconditioning, Stem cell, Apoptosis, Cell differentiation