- 作者: 徐奎望;許明榮
- 作者服務機構: 國防醫學院牙醫學系
- 中文摘要: 本實驗係以剛斷乳之大白鼠直接觀察三種糖醇和蔗糖之致齲性,比較其結果,找出何者可用作食物中部份蔗糖之取代品以降低蔗糖所引起之齲齒發生率,實驗動物分?五組,其中一組餵以不加糖之飼料,其他四組之飼料中各加10%之蔗糖,木糖醇,木密醇及山梨聚糖醇,於飼養之第四十五天及第九十天?組各殺死半數動物,立刻將動物之下顎剝離,經染色後用克依氏法以立體顯微鏡計數齲齒。結果如與蔗糖組相比較,則木糖醇組,木密醇組和山梨聚糖醇組之齲齒要各減少86%,70%及48% ,所以全部用以取代蔗糖的代用品之致齲性均較蔗糖?低,其中尤以木糖醇?最低,後者之所以具較低之致齲性,主要乃由於其能影響唾液?之生成,唾液中電解質之濃度和致齲菌之生長之故,故?一頗佳之蔗糖代用品以預防?齒, 其他兩種糖醇亦可採用作?蔗糖代用品,它們的性質及作用機轉曾在本文予以討論。木糖醇對人類齲齒之預防作用及其對蔗糖取代之最適當之百分比均待進一步研究。
- 英文摘要: The cariogenicity of xylitol, mannitol, sorbitol and sucrose was studied on weanling rats. The rats were fed with plain diet, and plain diet with 10% xylitol, mannitol, sorbitol or sucrose. They were sacrificed on the 45th and 90th days. Their mandibles were dissected, stained, and caries were scored with stereomicroscope following Keyes' method. In comparison to sucrose, xylitol. mannitol and sorbitol reduced 86%, 70% and 48% of dental caries respectively. All the sucrose substitutes thus revealed lower cariogenicity than sucrose, especially xylitol, which, through its reported effects on the production of salivary enzymes, on the electrolytes concentration of whole saliva and on the growth of cariogenic microorganisms, could be a good substitute for sucrose to prevent dental caries. The possible effects of these sucrose substitutes were discussed. Further studies on the anticariogenicity of xylitol on man and its optimum percentage of substitution for sucrose are being designed.
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