• 作者： 陳清義
• 作者服務機構： 臺灣省立中興大學理工學院植物學系
• 中文摘要： 鳳梨為臺灣之重要熱帶輸出果實，近時為提高生產量，有關當局會提倡灌溉栽培。但關於計劃灌溉時所需之基本資料極缺少。為提供此種參考資料，筆者曾利用自行設計之電動式吸水、蒸散及氣孔計研究鳳梨之吸水、蒸散及氣孔運動之日變化獲得極有趣結果，茲摘要所得結果於下： （1）鳳梨之吸水作用對日照呈負反應，為所謂夜間吸水型植物。此傾向與以往所得者一致。 （2）氣孔運動亦對日照呈負反應，其白天之開度均在最大開度之20%以下。 （3）蒸散作用對日照呈正反應，其變化過程與吸水及氣孔運動之變化過程完全不同，但與Atmometer 蒸發量之變化過程一致。 （4）由蒸散作用在一日中之變化過程可知日照為影響鳳梨耗水之主要因子，又吸水及氣孔開度之變化過程雖與蒸散相反，但如視此為一種Time lag，吸水及氣孔兩作用亦閒接受日照之強烈支配。
• 英文摘要： Pineapple is one of the major export fruits in Taiwan. In order to increaseyield, irrigation on the field during the growing season has been recommended. Itis the purpose of this study, to provide valuable suggestion for the design of irriga-tion in the field. The author using the self-designed Electric Recorder for WaterAbsorption, Transpiration and Stomatal Opening, studied the daily variation of waterabsorption, transpiration, and stomatal movement in pineapple, and the followingresults were obtained: (1) The pattern of water absorption in pineapple is a "night absorption type",i.e., negative relation between water absorption and daylight. The result obtainedin Taichung is same as in Matzuyana, Japan which the author did before. (2) The negative correiation also found in stomatal movement and daylight.Stomatal opening in day time had only less than 20% of the maximum opening ofthe night time. (3) The positive correlation between transpiration and daylight had been observed.Transpiration process, which had the same result as evaporation from atmometer,was completely differ from processes in water absorption and stomatal movement. (4) The daily variation of transpiration showed that daylight was one of themajor factors which influenced water consumption in pineapple. Though the processesof water absorption and stomatal opening was the reverse of transpiration, but fromthe view point of "Time lag" water absorption and stomatal movement also stronglyaffected by daylight indirectly.
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