• 作者： 青峰重範; 莊作權
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學土壤學系
• 中文摘要： 本文乃是於實驗室中就臺灣水田土壤中因擴散引起的 NH 之移動加以探討。浸水土壤中NH 之移動與土壤溶液中 NH 之濃度成反比，而土壤溶液中 NH 之濃度，可為土壤中NH 的含量，單位體積所含固體物質之重量（即總體密度），與土壤吸附特性之函數。雖然各土壤對NH 之吸附與總體密度都有明顯之差異，然而各土壤間之吸附特性差異較大。因此，吸附特性似乎是浸水土壤中NH 移動之最重要的影響因子，而此吸附特性與陽離子交換能量有極高度之相關。 浸水土壤在田間狀況下之總體密度，可以在實驗室的滲濾情形下的玻璃管中加以模擬測定。在水田收穫後測定或以風乾土測定之總體密度，與田間浸水土壞所測得之總體密度有明顯之差異。本文曾對水田土壤總體密度之測定，提出一較為簡單之方法。
• 英文摘要： The movement of ammonium due to dif-fusion in paddy soils in Taiwan was in-vestigated in laboratory. The movement ofammonium in flooded soils was inverselyproportional to the concentration of ammoniumin the soils solution, which was a function ofthe quantity of ammonium present, the contentof solid matter in a unit volume of soil (bulkdensity) and the adsorptive property of soil.Although there was a considerable variation inthe value both of ammonium adsorption andbulk density of soils, the adsorptive propertywas more variable. Therefore, the adsorptiveproperty seemed to be the most influencialfactor on the movement of ammonium inflooded soils, where the property had a closerelation to the cation-exchange capacity. The bulk density of flooded soils in thefield could be reproduced in glass tubes underpercolating conditions in the laboratory. Thevalues of bulk density determined on paddysoils after harvesting or on air-dry soils wereconsiderably different from those in the floodedsoils in the field. A simple determinationmethod of bulk density was proposed for paddysoils.
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