• 作者： Wang, Der-Her; Weng, Hung-Shan
• 中文摘要： 本文是針對以溴化四丁基銨為相間轉移觸媒催化正溴丁烷(以甲苯為溶劑)與酚化鈉(水溶液)之反應進行動力學研究。研究內容包括探討酚化鈉、溴化四丁基銨、氫氧化鈉及甲苯用量對反應速率的影響。此反應系統在某些狀況下會出現第三液相。實驗中亦發現了一些特異現象,諸如反應速率隨氫氧化鈉與酚化鈉之添加量發生急劇變化以及形成「類似微胞催化」等。但根據觸媒在二液相或三液相之分布,作者對上述特異現象提出了合理之解釋。此外,亦根據觸媒與反應物之分布狀態,針對此反應系統在不同之操作情況下,提出適切之反應機構及速率表示式。由實驗數據之契合,發現除了氫氧化鈉高添加量之情況外,皆可以擬一階反應動力模式模擬之。
• 英文摘要： The kinetics of the reaction between n-butyl bromide and sodium phenolate with toluene as an organic solvent and tetrabutylammonium bromide as a phase transfer catalyst were studied. The effects of the amount of sodium phenolate, tetrabutylammonium bromide, sodium hydroxide, and toluene on the reaction rate were investigated. Under certain conditions, peculiar phenomena were observed, such as dramatic effects of sodium phenolate and sodium hydroxide, the appearance of micellar-like catalysis, and the formation of a third liquid phase. Explanations for these phenomena are suggested based on the distribution of catalyst between two or among three liquid phases. In addition, several reaction mechanisms and rate expressions for this reaction system are proposed according to the distribution of the catalyst and reactants. In the fitting of the models with experimental data indicates that pseudo-first-order kinetic models can be employed for most cases.
• 中文關鍵字： 相轉移觸媒; 三液相系統; 類似微胞催化; 溴化回丁基胺; 正溴丁烷
• 英文關鍵字： Phase Transfer Catalysis; Tri-Liquid-Phase System; Micellar- Like Catalysis; Tetrabutylammonium Bromide; N-Butyl Bromide