• 作者： 張勝祺; 張坤田; 耿延芳; 藍忠孚; 蕭慧娟; 沈世宏; 魏耀揮
• 作者服務機構： 國立陽明醫學院生化科; 國立陽明醫學院社會醫學科; 行政院環保署
• 中文摘要： 一九八六年十二月至一九八七年六月在臺北地區所採集147個空氣懸浮粒樣品，經Ames test利用S. typhimuriumTA 98與TA 100兩菌株測定其致突變性，顯示加與不加S9 mixture均具有致突變能力，惟加S9 mixture較不加S9mixture引起之致突變能力高，而且樣品引起TA 98突變能力高於TA 100，取三個樣品進一步探討結果，顯示其突變能力有劑量反應的關係。 利用GC/MS測定空氣懸浮粒中PAH的含量，在八個採集站中，以南港、福星國小及中興大學含量較高，而以北投國小最低，這可能是因為後者座落郊區，而前三者分別位於工業區、市中心及交通要衝。可喜的是目前臺北市空氣懸浮粒所含的PAH量較1980年有顯著的降低。而且與其他先進國家如美國、荷蘭、西德、義大利、挪威及日本比較，我們發現臺北市空氣懸浮粒之致突變能力及PAH含量或略低或相似。 在本研究中我們發現一有趣結果，在市區內同一地區，星期日所採樣品之空氣懸浮粒的致突變能力較其它時間採樣者為低。相反地，郊區北投國小星期日空氣懸浮粒的致突變能力反較其它時間採樣者為高，而且PAH含量也有相似之變化情形。這可能是市區星期日之車輛減少，因而PAH等致突變物污染源減少；反之，星期日開往郊區的車輛增多，造成PAH等致突變物污染源增加。 以ABS為原料之塑膠製品在800、900、1,000及1,000℃下燃燒之空氣懸浮粒所含BaP等六種PAH的總量為臺北市空氣懸浮粒樣品的550、451、568及194倍，而致突變能力各為49、38、10及8倍，由於一般垃圾中含有ABS塑膠產品，因此隨地燃燒垃圾會造成嚴重之空氣污染，這可說明PT-6-3樣品採集時，因附近有垃圾燃燒，以致其PAH及致突變能力較不同時間同地點採集者各增加11-33倍及3-16倍。因此，政府應積極實施垃圾分類，並嚴禁隨地燃燒垃圾，以減少空氣之污染，確保國民健康。
• 英文摘要： The mutagenic activity of dichloromethane extracts of 147 air particulate samples collected from 8stations during December 1986-June 1987 in Taipei city was consistently higher in S. typhimurium strainTA 98 than in strain TA 100 in the presence of S9 mixture. Among the 8 stations, Nan Kang Police Sta-tion, Fu Hsing Elementary School, and Chung Hsing University which were located in the industrial district,downtown area, and heavy traffic zone, respectively, had significantly higher levels of PAHs than the otherstations. In contrast, the levels of PAHs were much lower in the suburban station, near Pei Tou ElementarySchool. However, PAH contents of the air particulate samples collected from these stations did not showgood correlation with their mutagenicity. The air particulates collected at some stations on Sunday when the traffic changed from heavy tolight showed lower mutagenicity and PAH contents as compared with the other weekdays at the samestations. On the contrary, the samples collected at Pei Tou station in a suburban area where the trafficchanged from light to heavy on Sunday showed higher mutagenicity and PAH contents. The monthly average of PAHs of air particulate samples collected over a 7-month period from 8stations in Taipei city was lower than the average in 1980. Moreover, when compared with other countries,such as U.S.A., the Netherlands, West Germany, Italy, Norway, and Japan, the levels of PAHs and muta-genciity of air particulate matters in Taipei city were similar or slightly lower. The mutagenicity and contents of PAHs o# air particulates collected from burnt ABS were signifi-cantly higher than those of burnt PVC. One sample PT-6-3 was collected while a nearby garbage collectionarea was on fire. The mutagenicity of that sample increased 3 to 16 fold and contained an 11 to 33 timeshigher content of the six PAHs (BaP, BeP, BbF, BaA, Chr, and DbA) as compared with the other samplescollected at the same location at a different time. The higher mutagenicity and PAH contents of thatsample might be due to the pollution of the air from combustion of the garbage containing products madeof ABS.
• 中文關鍵字： Mutagenicity; PAH; air particulates
• 英文關鍵字： --