• 作者： 方懷時; 陳惠敏
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學醫學院生理學科
• 中文摘要： 使四肢未被綑綁及被綑綁之清醒蟾蜍各別遭受於 0.027 秒內由八個大氣壓驟減至一個大氣壓及於 0.022 秒內由一個大氣壓驟減至 l/8 大氣壓。由實驗之結果，探知前者之減壓情況不僅較後者之減壓情況容易引起肺出血，且使肺出血之程度更為嚴重。此外，前者之減壓情況尚可使四肢被綑綁者之體壁破裂。此等現象顯示於減壓時「絕對壓差」引起肺出血之作用較於減壓時「壓差比率」所引起者更為重要。至於四肢被綑綁蟾蜍肺中所含之氣體量遠較四肢未被綑綁者為多，故前者之實驗動物於遭受快速減壓時較易引起嚴重之肺出血。
• 英文摘要： Unanesthetized unrestrained and restrained toads were explosively decompressed from 8 atm to afmal pressure of 1 atm in 0.027 sec and from 1 atm to 1/8 atm in 0.022 sec respectively. It was observedthat the lungs of restrained toads which contained a large amount of air were less tolerant of explosivedecompression than those of unrestrained toads which contained only a small amount of air. In 6 of 17restrained toads, rupture of their body walls were noted during decompression from 8 atm to 1 atm. How-ever, none of the 17 restrained toads showed any rupture of the body wall when exposed to decompressionfrom 1 atm to 1/8 atm. The pulmonary hemorrhage induced by explosive decompression from 8 atm to 1atm was much more severe and more frequent than that from 1 atm to 1/8 atm. The results indicate thatthe range of absolute pressure change may play a more important role in decompression-induced pulmonaryhemorrhage than the pressure ratio does.
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