• 作者： 胡弘道
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學森林學系
• 中文摘要： 此研究於1978年10月至1979年8月，在德國黑森林之三處人工林中進行；研究之目的，在對人工林中之白冷杉菌根型予以分類，及設法對白冷杉死亡之原因找出一條線索。依形態、解剖上之特徵及菌根對化學試藥之顏色反應，白冷杉之菌根型可區分成12種。在白冷杉之人工林內，曾採集許多菌根菌，其中部分可分離培養於洋菜基質中。白冷杉林木之死因，可能是因活的最細根尖顯著減少（p＜0.05），以致其養分及水分吸收受到強度干擾所致，而此活的最細根尖減少，則可能由於土壤乾燥所引起。這些菌根型中，黑色、紅褐色及紫色菌根可能較具抵抗土壤乾燥之潛力。
• 英文摘要： This study was carried out from October1978 to August 1979 at three plantations inGerman Black Forest. The purpose of this study was to classifythe mycorrhizal types of Abies alba, whichoccurred in man-made forests, and tried to findout the possible cause of death of some WhiteFir trees. From this study the mycorrhizal types ofWhite Fir were classified into 12 types accordingto their characteristics in morphology, anatomy,and color reactions to chemical reagents of my-corrhizal elements. In the White Fir plantations,many mycorrhizal fungi were collected. Some ofthem isolated and cultured in agar medium wereAgaricus aestivalis var. veneris, Amanita gemmata,A. spissa, Boletus appendiculatus, Clitocybe inversa,Elaphomyces granulatus, Inocybe fastigata, Lac-tarius piperatus, Phallus impudicus and Russulaobscura. The possible cause of death of White Firtrees was considered to be the result of consi-derable reduction of the finest living mycorrhizalroot tips (p<0.05), and the reduction may becaused by soil drought; as a result, their nu-trients and water absorption through mycorrhizaewere strongly disturbed. Among these my-corrhizal types, the black-, reddish brown-, andviolet-mycorrhizae were found most possiblymore resistant to soil drought.
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