- 作者: 鄔宏潘; 羅其正; 錢美華
- 作者服務機構: 中央研究院植物研究所
- 中文摘要: 本研究係以六種密度於南港種植臺中65號,以探討水稻植株之生長模型及生長介量的變異,產量及其構成因素等性狀在株內及株間的相互作用,並從理論上推測最適密度及土地利用率,以暸解單位面積產量的形成機構。主要結果如下: 1.單株乾物重W在密度P下的生長函數呈W一A(1十be -“’)’/(I-.’,而其密度函”數則呈轟一。,十“,式中A,b,k,m及。,。為介量,t為時間,可由W-t及W -P值估計之。而最適密度為P~(A'a})∕(m/ 1 /(s’一‘’一Alal)式中Af, ml為Y一WP一At(1+b,e_k,‘),hi-,中之介量,而。;,尸:,為該生長函數發生轉捩點時的密度函數之介量。 2.不論單株或單位面積上乾物重的生長函數其變化主受分藥數的限制,但以單位面積而論,則二期作密植時生長量較多,而一期作時則以P二36.8時生長量最大。 3.稻株間的相互作用,一期作發生於移植後第七週,二期作為第四週,但此作用兩期作皆於第八週時呈定值,以後不再變化。 4.一期作於移植後89.5日(收獲前半個月)稻株已完全生長,對土地之利用率可達100%,而二期作時未能達最大生長量,移植後82日時土地利用率最大,但只有80%,,收獲時則降到78%“ 5.理論上推測最適栽培密度結果,由於一期作稻株對密度反應較為敏感,P一31.4叢∕d而二期作時則p =36.9叢/m2。 6.單採產量的倒數與密度問呈直線關係,兩期作結果相似,但二期作時產量較低,(一21.2%),土地利用率一期作為80.7%,二期作為78.1%,皆未達最高生產力“最適密度時,各可提高7·3及10.6方的生產力。 7.兩期作單位面積之產量主由單位面積之總穗數及總穎花數控制,此兩性狀可由密度之增加而變大,而與千粒重及稔實率則無多大關係。
- 英文摘要: From the previous studies, we have concluded that the high planteddensity may increased the yield per unit area in the second crop. In thisstudy, we used Taichung 65 to examine the effect of plant interaction insix hill density, and the relationship of the hill density with growthparameters and yield as well as its components in the first and the secondcrop. The regression function;一斗一。,+。is used to study the relationshipof planted density (p) and the dry weight of single plant (w),where。and a are the parameters which may be obtained from the regressionanalysis of十and,·Therefore. the total dry weight per unit areamay be obtained as y一wp=Al (1+bfe'"`) i sm"where, Ar, br, kr, andml are the parameters of Richard's growth function. Accordingly, theoptimum planted density may be obtained as舟休,〞)∕(ml I為7一Ala). From this study, we find that the rice plant interaction occured at theseventh and the fourth week after transplanting in the first and thesecond crop, respectively. The regression coefficient a became stableafter the eighth week in both crops, but the estimated value of the firstcrop is larger than that of the second crop. It revealed that the rice plantis more sensitive to the change in hill density in the first crop. Theestimated value of the optimum planted density(p) were obtained for bothcrops, i. e., 31.4 and 36.9 hills/ms in the first and the second crop,respectively. And the relationship of p with time t, yield and itscomponents were also investigated in both crops.
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