• 作者： 劉明欽
• 作者服務機構： 臺灣糖業研究所
• 中文摘要： Recent advances in the field of plant celland tissue culture have increased the use of themany approaches afforded by these techniquesfor practical exploitation in agriculture. Muchefforts have been made in this area of researchfor the past 7 years, some exciting and positiveresults have been obtained. The major ones arelisted as follows：（1) Sugarcane callus hasdemonstrated great potential of totipotency. (2)The plants derived from callus tissues showed1.8-34.0％ of variation in morphology, andtheir chromosome numbers vary from 86-126.(3）Callus derived lines, e.g., 71-4829 increasedsucrose content by 12％ over its donor (H37-1933）. (4) 70-6132 was 32, 34 and 6％ higherthan its donor (F164) in cane yield, sugar yieldand stalk number, respectively. (5) Chromosomenumber of cells in some varieties' suspensionculture, e.g., F164, varied from 92-191. (6) An-euploid plants with chromosome number 156have been obtained through the treatment ofthe suspension culture by colchicine. However,these abnormal plants were stunted, lacked vigorbut higher in sugar content relative to theirdonor. (7）Disease-resistant plants among thecallus derivatives, e.g., against culmicolous smut,have also been screened out. (8) The futuredevelopment of the in vitro culture techniquefor plant breeding, e.g., somatic cell hybridiza-tion by protoplast fusion and test-tube fertiliza-tion are also discussed.
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