• 作者： 陳錫松；莊進源；盧於殿；張坤田
• 作者服務機構： 國立陽明醫學院生化科; 行政院衛生署環境衛生處
• 中文摘要： 由於部份多環芳香烴 (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ，簡稱PAH)具有致癌性，有關此等化合物之測定?大 氣微粒中常被研究的題目之一。本研究所用之空氣中之微粒係由高雄市環境管理處之十個微粒監視站及高雄縣衛生局之 三個監視站所收集。從微粒中分離出來之PAH化合物，乃利用氣相層析質譜法測定其含量。除了兩個高沸點的PAH外 ，其他都用一種新的高?液晶體?液體固定相之分離管來分析。這種分離管分離效果極佳，可分離一般分離管不能分離之 PAH之同分異構物。本研究結果顯示，高雄地區空氣中苯??（英文簡稱BaP ，?PAH中致癌性最?者）含量在1.5至 10.1ng/m3之間，13個監視站之平均含量?4.0ng/m3。高雄地區的監視站中，以前?區之BaP及其他PAH之含量最高， 西子灣及旗津最低。前?附近的五分局及環境管理處之PAH含量也相當高。此兩監視站及前?監視站之PAH的排放? 來自前鎮區?之很多大型化學工廠及煉鋼廠。位於商業地區之三民區公所站、工業衛生中心站及新興服務站之PAH含量 也相當高。這三個監視站的PAH之?染來源很可能是區?繁多之汽車的排氣及位於南方（前?）及北方（鼓山及三民） 工業區之工廠廢氣所引起。高雄縣之仁武、大社及林園等三個石油化學工業區之PAH含量並不高，由此可推測石油化學 工業所造成的PAH?染似乎並不太嚴重。鼓山國中監視站之PAH含量並不高，可能此站之主要微粒排放來源?附近之 水泥廠，其微粒中之成份以無機物?主，有機物含量比一般的?低。
• 英文摘要： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) are among the most extensively studied components in airborne particulates, because some of these PAH's are known to be carcinogenic. The particulate samples were collected from the thirteen stations at various sites in Kaohsiung area. The isolated PAH fraction from the particulate sample was analyzed by a computer-controlled GC/MS. A 1.5% SP-301 high temperature liquid crystal column was used for the separation of most of PAH's except indeno (1,2,3,-cd)-pyrene and benzo(ghi)perylene for which a 3% Dexsil 300 GC column was used. The concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), the most potent carcinogen among all PAH's, range from 1.5 to 10.1 ng/m3 in the Kaohsiung area. The average BaP level for the 13 monitoring stations is 4.0 ng/m3. BaP and other PAH concentrations are highest at Chien Cheng and lowest at Shi Tsu Bay and Chi Tsin. The major emission source for PAH's at Chien Cheng Station and two other nearby stations is most likely from exhausts of many large chemical plants and steel refineries in Chien Cheng industrial district. Three stations located in the commercial sections of the city also show relatively high concentrations of PAH's. The major emission sources for PAH's in these three stations are likely automotive exhausts in these areas and industrial exhausts of the neighboring industrial districts. The concentrations of PAH's in the three stations in Kaohsiung County are in general lower than those of Kaohsiung City. There are a number of petrochemical industries in these three areas. The fact that the levels of PAH's in these areas are not very high seems to suggest that the emission of PAH's from the petrochemical industry is not very serious. The concentration of PAH's at Ku San Station is not high even though the total particulate is relatively high. This is explained by the fact that the major source of particulates at this station is probably a nearby cement factory and the percentage of organic matter in the total particulate collected at this station is lower than that collected at other stations in the Kaohsiung area.
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