• 作者： 張長泉; 劉廷英; 呂理焜
• 作者服務機構： 食品工業發展研究所
• 中文摘要： 臺灣稻穀年產量約為300萬公噸，稻穀之貯存方式分為袋裝和散裝二種。本研究在比較這二種貯存方式對稻穀品質之影響，並研究其經濟效益。 散裝貯存有使用竹篾筒自然通風和使用風扇強力通風二種；自然通風散裝稻穀發芽率之下降很快，尤其是穀堆中間者。表層稻穀之水分含量往往偏高，中問部位稻穀則偏低。害蟲在表層為害甚烈，往下則遞減。米糠油之游離脂肪酸偏高；強力通風散裝稻穀品質之變劣較自然通風稻穀慢，但害蟲之發生較多，而且稻穀受通風之影響有太過乾燥現象。 袋裝稻穀貯存期間發芽率之下降較散裝者慢，倉內不同部位取得之稻穀其水分含量差異較小，袋裝若使用藥劑燻蒸，有良好殺蟲效果，若只噴佈藥劑，則防蟲效果很有限。袋裝稻穀碾成白米後，其白米之外觀色澤較散裝者佳，米飯官能品評亦較佳。糙米收量以袋裝（燻蒸防蟲）最高，而以強力通風散裝者最低。 以臺灣之氣候及倉庫設備，若無強力通風及進出倉設備者，應儘量採用袋裝貯藏，而以燻蒸方法防蟲，非但經濟效益較高，稻穀之品質亦較佳。附有強力通風設備之穀倉，應研究改進通風技術，並應設法實施燻蒸防治害蟲。
• 英文摘要： The annual production of paddy rice inTaiwan was about three million tons. Theywere either bag-stored or bulk-stored．The pur-pose of this study is to compare the qualitydeterioration and economic benefit of these twotypes of storage. The bulk-stored paddy wasforced-aerated or naturally-aerated, the outsideair was driven in by fan or by natural convec-tion, respectively. With bulk storage and natural aeration, thegerminability decreased rapidly. The moisturecontent of the surface paddy was always toohigh, but that of the deeper paddy was alwaystoo low. The insects population decreasedsharply from the upper surface toward the centerpart. The acid value of rice bran oil of thepaddy stored in bulk was higher than that storedin bag. With forced-aeration, the quality ofbulk-stored paddy deteriorated more slowly thanthe natural ly-acrated paddy, but the insect pop-ulatiop was higher and the paddy moisture con-tent was too low． The germinability of bag-stored paddy de-creased more slowly as compared to the bulk-stored, and the samples taken from differentbags varied slightly in moisture content. Fewlive insects were found if fumigat had beenapplied during storage. The color of milled riceand the flavor of cooked rice were better forbag-stored paddy. It is highly recommendedthat paddy rice be put in bags during storageand be fumigated to control insects in orderto get higher miling yield and higher economicbenefit.On the other hand, techniques mustto improved to handle the facilities for forced-aeration．
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