• 作者： 張卿卿
• 作者服務機構： 國立政治大學廣告學系
• 中文摘要： 本文探討科學新聞資訊呈現形式及其對閱聽眾1新聞接收的影響。主要有兩個研究目的：第一、從知識相關理論為基礎，描繪出科學知識的類型與特質，並援引基模相關理論，彙整可能幫助閱聽眾接收科學新聞的訊息呈現方式，並探究其普遍性。第二，從認知心理角度探討前述不同訊息呈現方式對新聞接收可能產生的影響。針對第一個研究目的，本研究以內容分析方式，探究四大報在報導科學新聞時，各類訊息呈現方式的普遍性，包括：「知識概念是否有解釋」、「知識概念的雙語化呈現」、「流程圖的應用」與「多元意見的提供」，結果顯示大部分的研究有解釋其知識概念(82.87%)，但僅有少部分研究以雙語方式呈現核心概念(24.19%)，使用流程圖(4.90%)或提供多元意見(39.83%)。針對第二個研究目的，本研究以實驗方式探討這些訊息呈現方式可能產生的影響，從三大影響面向來探討：「新聞注意度」、「新聞理解度」與「議題相關性」。實驗結果顯示，在「新聞注意度」部分，提供流程圖產生顯著正向效果；在「新聞理解度」部分，有解釋核心概念和提供中英對照名詞顯著的降低理解困難度。在「議題相關性」部分，解釋核心概念有顯著提升相關性感知。研究結果對於新聞記者如何呈現科學新聞可以提供實務上的價值。
• 英文摘要： This paper had two objectives. The first objective was to explore the potential problems associated with science reporting by asking the following questions: whether the news provided concept explanations, whether the news included English terms for the concepts, whether the news provided procedural graphs and whether the news offered multiple perspectives. The second objective was to examine that when news stories differed in terms of these information features, how readers’ understanding of the story and perceptions of the issues varied. To achieve the first objective, we conducted two content analyses, which found that even though most news provided concept explanations (82.87%), only a small percentage of news stories included English terms of the featured issue or concept (24.19%), provided procedural graphs (4.90%) and offered multiple perspectives (39.83%). For the second objective, we conducted an experiment to test the influences of these news features on news attentions, news comprehension and perceived issues relevance. The findings suggested that in terms of news attentions, the presence of procedural graphs was a positive and significant predictor; in terms of news comprehension, the presence of concept explanations and English terms were positive predictors; and with respect to issues relevance, the presence of concept explanations was a positive predictor. Findings reported herein may have practical values for journalists in their science news reporting.
• 中文關鍵字： 科學新聞、科學傳播、媒介影響、新聞報導
• 英文關鍵字： Science News, Science Communication, Media Effects, News Reporting