• 作者： 孫清山
• 作者服務機構： 私立東海大學社會學系
• 中文摘要： 在工業化和都市化衝擊下，都市社區能否繼續維持是一有意義的社會組織。早期觀點，號稱直線發展模式，以為人口數量和密度增加的話，其結果必導致都市社區意識消失。晚近有些社會科學家提出不同看法，稱為系統模式，堅持都市社區仍然存在，而且有其作用和意義，只是社區的演變會因居民組合方式及居住時間長短而受影響，其結果將是出現不同形式的社區。本文使用谷曼修正的複迥歸統計，驗證臺灣都市的閭鄰關係，觀其強弱究應是何種因素所使然，結果肯定居民流動性或住居不穩定性為基礎原因，中年人和教育程度高者有較低弱的閭鄰關係，是因他們流動性較高的結果，居住時間為最重要因素，高年齡組和高教育程度組的閭鄰關係皆低弱，但若配合較長久的居留時間，則高年齡和教育程度者，皆可發展良好的閭鄰關係。因此，鼓勵人們在他們的社區居留的長久些，是促進都市社區發展的良策。
• 英文摘要： Under the impact of continuing urbanizationand industrialization urban community in indus-trial society may lose its local territorial unitas a meaningful social organization. To thisquestion there are early explanations labeledthe linear development model. It specified thatthe linear increase in the population size anddensity of human community is the principlefactor influencing patterns of social participa-tion and community attachment. Recently, somesocial scientises advocate a systematic model.They stress the persistence of local communityorientation, and focus on the length of residenceas a primary independent variable. Communitydoes manifest its boundary through diffusion,and exhibits different degree of intensity andextent of social participation. Yet it dependsamong other factors besides size and density,such as a person's position in the social struc-ture and life cycle stage. This report makesuse of Goodman's modified multiple regressionmethod and applies it to a new set of datafrom Taichung city. It indicates that theneighborhood and neighboring have not neces-sarily disappeared from the urban scene. Neigh-boring persists as an important feature of urbanlife though the reduced length of residence andsocial mobility account for the decline of neigh-borhood interaction. The result supports theviewpoint of the systematic model.
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