- 作者: 劉武夫; 胡乃文; 錢添發; 馬重; 林俊旭; 柳鐘琰; 吳謀泰
- 作者服務機構: 中山科學研究院第四研究所
- 中文摘要:
Pralidoxime Methanesulfonate (P2S)具防護抗膽鹼脂?中毒活性,但是又會引起胃腸不適等症狀,該症狀對經常處
理和使用有機磷抗膽鹼脂?藥物的職業工人,或預期有抗膽鹼脂?中毒之可能性而預服P2S的士兵,可能會造成弊害。
本研究即利用大白鼠的三個行為規範探討這個問題,目的在評估P2S口服預防方法的可行性。這三個行為規範為制約嗜
好的嫌惡行為、操作行為及自發活動性,分別類似毒物所引起的胃腸障礙,工作履行及行為醒覺的指標。口服不同劑量
的P2S (0.2, 0.4, 0.8及1.6 gm/kg)探討它對上述三種行為規範的劑量-反應關係。上述結果一致顯示僅高劑量P2S(1.6
gm/kg)能引起顯著的制約嗜好之嫌惡反應,壓抑固定比例按桿數為二十次(FR-20)的程序控制行為及抑制自發活動性
。推而論之,若制約嗜好之嫌惡行為、操作行為與自發活動性為適切的評估規範,則口服單一大劑P2S會引起人體胃腸
障礙,干擾工作的履行及鎮靜的作用。
代 - 英文摘要: Pralidoxime methanesulfonate (P2S) has anticholinesterase protective properties, but it also has anarray of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Because such a symptom would be disadvantageous to occupa-tional workers who handled and used organophosphorus anticholinesterase continuously, and to soldierswho have had oral pretreatment in a situation where anticholinesterase agent poisoning is a possibility, thisquestion was investigated in rats using three behavioral paradigms to evaluate the feasibility of the oral pro-phylatic regimen. These are: (1) conditioned taste aversion (CTA), (2) operant behavior and (3) spontane-ous locomotor activity (SMA); these three behavioral parameters are analogous to toxicant-induced gas-trointestinal (GI) disturbances, performance of learned tasks and behavioral arousal, respectively. Dose-response studies of P2S in dose levels of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 gm/kg (P.O.) were evaluated. The resultsconsistently demonstrated that only the highest dose significantly produced marked decreases in consump-tion of flavored solution associated with its ingestion, suppressed keypress response maintained under a20-response fixed-ratio schedule of water presentation, and inhibited SMA. By inference, if CTA, operantbehavior and SMA are appropriate paradigms, P2S, on an acute single oral high dose level, would cause GIdisturbances, impair task performance and induce sedation in man.
- 中文關鍵字: pralidoxime methanesulfonate (P2S); conditioned tast aversion; operant behavior; spontaneous locomotor activity
- 英文關鍵字: --