• 作者： 夏鎮洋; 張嘉寧
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學園藝研究所
• 中文摘要： 本文利用普通顯微鏡術及穿透式電子顯微鏡術，並配合酵素組織化學技術，研究抗性與罹病
  性番茄品系受南方根瘤線蟲為害後，酵素與細胞構造上變化之差異，以求瞭解植物對線蟲之抗性
  機制。
  由普通顯微鏡酵素組織化學測六種酵素（細胞色素氧化?、酯?、酸性磷酸?、鹼性磷酸?
  、三磷酸??及過氧化?）之結果顯示，在罹病性品系的受害部位均有活性增高的趨勢，而接種
  前抗性品系的過氧化?活性就已較罹病性品系為高。
  穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察的結果顯示，抗性與罹病性品系細胞中均有界標形成（boundary for-
  mation）及多囊體構造，且所有品系在線蟲侵入後均有細胞壁增厚現象，而以抗性品系反應較為
  迅速。推測界標形成及多囊體與植物受線蟲為害後細胞壁增厚現象有密切之關聯。又利用穿透式
  電子顯微鏡過氧化?組織化學技術，發現過氧化?與此種胞壁增厚的現象有關，因此推測抗性與
  罹病性品系可能都有相當的能力以抵禦線蟲的侵襲（例如經由細胞壁增厚），而此機制可能由某
  些酵素所控制（例如過氧化?），而抗性與罹病性品系間唯一的區別，則是由酵素所控制的反應
  速度及程度有別，即抗性品系可能天生具有較快且較有效率的反應能力，因而能有效地抵制入侵
  後線蟲對植物的進一步為害。2
• 英文摘要： The techniques of light microscopical en-zyme histochemistry, transmission electron mi-croscopy, and transmission electron microscopicalhistochemistry were applied to the study of thenature of resistance to southern root-knot nema-tode (Meloidogyne incognita) between susceptibleand resistant tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)lines. Results of enzyme histochemistry showedthat all six enzymes (cytochrome oxidase, esterase,acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, adenosinetriphosphatase, and peroxidase) tested have higheractivity in the invaded tissue of susceptible lines.Peroxidase activity of the resistant lines wasalready higher than the susceptible lines beforeinoculation. Transmission electron microscopyresults showed that all resistant and susceptiblelines had boundary formation and multivesicularbody structures in the cells. All these lines alsoshowed cell wall was thickening after the in-vasion of nematode. But resistant lines reactedmore rapidly. It was postulated that bothboundary formation and multivesicular bodywere closely rolatod to cell wall thickening.Transmission electron microscopical peroxidasehistochemistry technique revaled that this enzymewas closely related to the cell wall thickening.It is suggested that resistant and susceptiblelines may all have the same mechanism to resistnematode infection (e. g. via cell wall thickening)and this mechanism is controlled by some en-zymes (e. g. peroxidase). The difference betweenresistant and susceptible lines is only the speedand degree of reaction influenced by enzymeactivity. Resistant lines may have the naturalability to react faster and more efficient thanthe susceptible ones and thus they can successfullyresist the further invasion of nematode to thetissues.
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