• 作者： --
• 中文摘要： Road systems are an essential infrastructure need for economic and social wellbeing. As road networks expand and alter the landscape, ecological processes are affected, in turn affecting core resources such as water quality, air quality, wildlife habitat, fisheries, wetlands and vegetation. Awareness of the effects of roads on the environment has grown, but research is still needed to achieve a scientific understanding of the underlying processes and to apply this understanding to the design of sustainable transportation systems.
  The science of road ecology is being developed to address the interface between roads and natural systems. Scientific research will provide the foundation for development of a road ecology approach to transportation systems. The road ecology approach will include tools and processes that incorporate ecological considerations in transportation planning, design and project delivery. Road ecologists also aim to develop ways that transportation agencies and resource protection agencies can collaborate to lessen the impacts of roads on the environment.
  Road ecology is an emerging field, both in transportation planning and engineering on the one hand, and in academic research. Several major publications worth noting have appeared in recent years. The keystone book in this area is Road Ecology (Forman et al. 2003), which provides an excellent foundation and overview of the key concepts of road ecology. A report addressing potential assessment tools and approaches, sponsored by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (Assessing and Managing the Ecological Impacts of Paved Roads, 2005) is available from National Academy Press (http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11535.html . Most recently, Davenport and Davenport (2006) bring together a series of papers on transportation impacts on ecosystems, ranging from marine travel to highway transportation. Several chapters deal with wildlife impacts, and include practical solutions.
  The intent of this review is to summarize some recent tools and processes that may be useful and adaptable for a range of transportation planning situations. The topics include:
  I 、Ecological approaches to management of roadside soils and vegetation;
  II 、Identifying and mitigating road impacts on wildlife;
  III 、Eco-Logical, an integrative planning tool for professionals;
  IV 、University Centers for environment and transportation; and
  V 、ICOET, the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation.
• 英文摘要： 道路系統為社會經濟民生福祉不可或缺設施之ㄧ，在道路網絡不斷擴充情況下，沿路之景觀及生態將會受影響，而對重要資源，如水、空氣、野生動物棲地、漁產、濕地及植物等引起衝擊。目前道路會對環境產生影響已被認同，但有關對何種影響細節之瞭解，以及如何將瞭解後得到之資訊應用到設計規劃一永續性之交通系統等方面之研究則仍有待加強。
  道路生態領域現在仍正在發展中，其內涵是道路與自然系統介面之探討，而目的則是建立已含生態考量之交通系統規劃之基礎並提供考量生態的一些工具及方法。道路生態之另一目標為促進交通及資源部門之合作來減輕道路對環境引起之衝擊。
  目前，在交通規劃、工程及學術研究方面，道路生態之考量還僅是在起步階段。近幾年來，有一些重要的文獻值得參考：
  Forman 等（2003）所著的書「道路生態」，對道路生態之重要基礎及觀念有詳
  盡之描述。
  美國國家科學院2005 年的一本報告「鋪面道路對生態衝擊之評估及管理」，（http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11535.html.）介紹了一些評估工具及管理方法。
  Davenport and Davenport（2006）發表了一系列之論文，內容主要為交通（航運、公路等）對生態系統之衝擊，包括對野生動物之影響及實務的解決方法等。
  本文之目的為討論在交通規劃中考量到路生態的一些工具及方法，內容包括：
  I 、保護生態之路邊土壤及植物的管理
  II 、道路對野生動物衝擊之鑑定及減輕方法
  III 、Eco-Logical ，進行實務工作時整體性規劃工具
  IV 、大學中環境及通研究中心簡介
  V 、ICOET ，國際生態及交通研討會
• 中文關鍵字： Road ecology; Transportation
• 英文關鍵字： Road ecology; Transportation