• 作者： 張正賢
• 作者服務機構： 國立嘉義農業專科學校農藝科
• 中文摘要： 民國六十九年秋季，引自美國馬利蘭州的美國農部引種中心的矮生菜豆品種中
  ，以分?分析法選取的25品種，於七十年秋季在國立嘉義農業專科學校試驗農場進
  行試驗。試驗結果資料，經以相關分析、主成份迴歸分析、因素分析與路徑分析等
  法探討構成矮生菜豆產量之性狀，瞭解該等性狀彼此間與產量間之關係，以期獲致
  高產的基本訊識。
  相關分析結果發現主莖節數、有效節枝數和有效分枝數間呈極顯著的正相關，
  後二者並與單株產量呈顯著的正相關；每株莢數和每株粒數均與單株產量呈極顯著
  的正相關，而後者又與有效節枝數呈顯著的正相關。至於百粒重則與每株莢數和每
  株粒數呈極顯著的負相關，而與每株粒數呈顯著的負相關。
  主成份迴歸分析與因素分析結果顯示，各調查性狀與單株產量的關係可依其關
  聯程度分為三?：第一?為每株莢數和每株粒數，第二?為主莖節數、有效節枝數
  和有效分枝數，第三?為營養性狀。至於株高則介於第一與第二?之間，每莢平均
  粒數似歸屬第一?，但又不盡然，百粒重則完全獨立，且呈負向的影響。
  路經分析結果顯示對單株產量的影響，以每株莢數之效應為最顯著，其次為每
  莢平均粒數。百粒重之路徑係數雖亦不小，但經查其間接效應影響的負值相當大，
  致使其貢獻量乃呈負值。
  由上述結果，可知每株莢數與每莢平均粒數對單株產量的影響最大，如能循此
  方向，並配合其在不同環境下表現的研究，瞭解在?落情形下各性狀的關係，進而
  探究單位面積矮生菜豆的產量構成，則對矮生菜豆之增產必有裨益。
• 英文摘要： For the purpose of study on theyield components of kidney bean, 25cultivars of bush kidney bean whichselected from the germplasm of USDAwere grown at the experimental fieldof National Chia-Yi Institute of Agri-culture in the autumn of 1981. Corre-lation analysis, principal componentregression analysis, factor analysis andpath analysis had been used to studythe yield of the bean and its relation-ships with other characters of the plant,as well as nutrient characters. Plant height, pod number perplant, seed number per plant and yieldper plant were highly significant posi-tively correlated one another. Gramper 100 dry seed highly significantnegatively correlated with most plantcharactersin this study. Nutrient char-acters showed not significant correlationwith most plant characters in this study. The results of the principal com-ponent regression analysis and factoranalysis showed that the relationshipsbetween yield per plant and the mea-sured plant characters may be classifiedinto four groups. The first group waspod number per plant and seed numberper plant; the second group was nodnumber of main stem, number ofeffective nod and branch, and numberof effective brench; the third groupwas nutrient characters; the fourthgroup was the remaining measruedcharacters. Pod number per plant and seednumber per plant showed their excell-ently high path coefficient and contri-bution to yield. Number of effectivenode and branch acted as an importantcharacter in path coefficient and con-tribution to yield components. Althoughgram per 100 dry seed hold a highpath coefficient, but mostly came fromindirected effect, as the result itscontribution was negative. Briefly, pod number per plant,and number of effective node andbranch were the most important chara-cters of yield in common, it shouldbe the good guide characters to findhigh yield plant in breeding or inculture. The seed num ber per plantalso was an important character ofyield, but it was affected by environ-mental factors more or less. It shouldbe some what promotion to the under-standing of the seed yield of kidneybean, if the study would extended tothe different canopy conditions.
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