• 作者： 周明智; 李輝
• 作者服務機構： 私立中山醫學院醫學系生化學科
• 中文摘要： 在臺灣四個主要都會區－臺北、新竹、臺中和高雄，分別依照其地理位置在市區和郊區取四個採樣點，並各收集兩次空氣懸浮微粒樣品，用安氏生物檢定法測定其致突變性，以比較評估四個主要都會區的空氣污染狀況。結果如預期的，不論有無S9的存在下，臺北和高雄都會區的空氣懸浮微粒致突變性都較新竹和臺中為高；但是在各都會區的市區和郊區的空氣懸浮微粒樣品致突變性上，則沒有差異。我們同時亦發現空氣懸浮微粒含量和其丙酮萃取百分率和致突變性都沒有相關性。 進一步，我們將每一都會區具有最強致突變性的空氣樣品，以高效液態層析儀初步分離，並配合做安氏生物檢定來確定它們的主要致突變區分。結果顯示臺北和高雄市區的空氣懸浮微粒樣品主要致突變區分的滯留時間和dinitropyrenes的相同，而亦和汽車廢氣滯留時間為34分鐘的致突變區分一致。我們以高效液態層析儀分析經過Sephadex LH-20管柱和半制備高效液態層析管柱純化的臺北市區空氣懸浮微粒樣品和汽車廢氣中含有dinitropyrenes。因此臺北市區空氣懸浮微粒樣品的主要直接致突變物為dinitropyrenes，它可能部份來自汽車廢氣。另外新竹和臺中地區具有最強致突變性的空氣懸浮微粒樣品中主要致突變區分的滯留時間和已知致突變物dinitropyrene，benzo [a] pyrene都不相同，它們是何種化合物，仍有待進一步研究。我們亦以高效液態層析儀分析經過Sephadex LH-20管柱純化的空氣懸浮微粒樣品中benzo [a] pyrene之含量，結果都在0.05-0.62 ng/m　空氣懸浮微粒樣品的範圍內。它的含量和其致突變性沒有相關性，因此，benzo [a] pyrene並非空氣懸浮微粒樣品中主要的間接致突變物。
• 英文摘要： The mutagenicity of airborne particles from 8 urban and suburban locations in each of four cities,Taipei, Hsinchu, Taichung, and Kaohsiung, in Taiwan area were investigated with S. typhimurium strainTA98 by Ames Salmonella/microsomal test. The average mutagenic activity of airborne particulate samplesfrom Taipei and Kaohsiung was higher than that from Hsinchu and Taichung with or without metabolicactivation. The major direct-acting mutagenic compounds of airborne particulate samples from Taipei andKaohsiung was similar to that of standard dinitropyrenes mixture (DNPs) in the retention time of HPLC.Moreover, the contents of DNPs of airborne particulate samples from Taipei and automobile exhaustpartially purified through Sephadex LH-20 gel filtration and semipreparative HPLC were determined byHPLC. DNPs was major direct-acting mutagens of the urban air samples from Taipei and their majorpollutants might be from automobile exhaust. However, the major mutagenic compounds of airborneparticulate samples from Hsinchu and Taichung did not correspond to any of the standard compoundstested. The content of benzo[al Pyrene (B[al P) of airborne narticulate samples was also determined byHPLC. The concentration of B[a]P was 0.05 - 0.62 ng/m air sample. ine is B[a]P contents of airborneparticulate samples from four cities in Taiwan did not show good correlation with their mutagenic activity.Thus, we concluded that B[a]P was not a major indirect-acting mutagenic compound in the tested airsamples.
• 中文關鍵字： mutagenicity; airborne particles; dinitropyrenes; benzo [a] pyrene
• 英文關鍵字： --