• 作者： 陳幸一
• 作者服務機構： 國防醫學院生理及生物物理學系
• 中文摘要： 二十一隻狗經Pentobarbital麻醉後，腹部循環加以分離以及利用衡定動脈入流灌注。血管阻力及容積(局部血量)之變化可分別由灌注壓之變化及靜脈出流變化之積分測得。動脈注射30、60及90微克/公斤之Nitroglycerin分別降低灌注壓32.6±2.2、42.2±2.8及46.8±3.1毫米水銀，以及增加腹部內臟血量33.6±3.2、40.8±5.2及43.6±4.4毫升，後者之血量變化分別相當於每公斤體重4.1±0、5.0±0.4及 5.3±0.4毫升。Nitroglycerin對於阻力及容積之作用甚為短暫，其持續時間不超過75秒。Hydralazine引起雙相之阻力變化:灌注壓先為快速之下降，繼之部份同升，然後為一緩慢而持續之下降。在最後之穩定狀態下，Hydralazine 2.5、5及7.5毫克∕公斤劑量分別使灌注壓下降29.2±3.2、44.8±4.0及47.1±3.8毫米水銀。Hydralazine對靜脈出流則無顯著之效應。責驗結果顯示在腹部之內臟循環中，Nitroglycerin鬆弛細動脈阻力性及靜脈容積性血管，而Hydralazine僅產生持續之細動脈擴張，對於靜脈容積性血管無顯著之作用。
• 英文摘要： In 21 dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, the abdominal circulation was isolated and perfused with constant arterial inflow. The changes in perfusion pressure and venous outflow reflect the resistance and capacitance response, respectively. An intra-arterial bolus injection of nitroglycerin in a dose of 30, 60 and 90 /Jg/kg caused respectively a decrease in perfusion pressure of 32.6?.2, 42.2?.8 and 46.8?.1 (mean崆E) mm Hg, and an increase in splanchnic vascular volume of 33.6?.2, 40.8?.2 and 43.6?.4ml. The latter volume change corresponds respectively to a value of 4.1 ?.3, 5.0?.4 and 5.3?.4 ml/kg-body wt. The effects of nitroglycerin on the resistance and capacitance vessels were transient, lasting less than 75 sec. Hydralazine elicited a biphasic decrease in vascular resistance: a rapid decrease in perfusion pressure followed by a partial recovery and then a slow long-lasting decline. The steady-state decrease in perfusion pressure produced by hydralazine, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg, was 29.2?.2, 44.8?.0 and 47.1 ?.8 mm Hg, respectively. Hydralazine did not cause any discernible change in venous outflow. The results indicate that nitroglycerin acts to dilate both resistance and capacitance vessels in the splanchnic vascular bed. Hydralazine causes a sustained arteriolar dilatation, but does not significantly affect the vascular capacitance.
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