• 作者： 相子元
• 作者服務機構： 體育學院教練研究所
• 中文摘要： 近年來醫療用鞋在復健及預防醫學上扮演極重要之角色，且全民運動風氣日漸盛行，能夠提供舒適與保護功能並防止運動傷害的機能性鞋類，是從事復健及運動不可或缺的工具；為達到鞋類講究機能性的設計，結合人體力學與先進科技的發展方向已是世界性的潮流。鞋類的機能設計是在實驗室中經過反覆的測試分析後完成，所有的功能測試皆須在鞋類成品完成後才能進行，過於耗費時間人力，因此本研究嘗試建立鞋底之有限元素模型(finite elementmodel)，以電腦模擬分析配合壓力鞋墊(pressure insole)及Instron材料試驗機等實驗儀器，測試分析在不同速度步態下及不同鞋底之組合，足底壓力分佈情形及後跟鞋底壓縮之情形，並比較線性及非線性有限元素模型之差異；本研究以一位健康男性為受試者，蒐集在不同鞋底組合及步態下各50步足底壓力之資料進行分析，壓力鞋墊測試所得結果顯示，在不同鞋底之組合狀況下，如預測般跑步之平均足底壓力峰值皆明顯較步行為高，在不同速度步態下，以具有內底組合所產生之平均足底壓力峰值最低；而材料試驗結果顯示鞋內底及外底材料之應力應變關係皆為二次非線性曲線，因此分別以線性及非線性之有限元素分析模擬鞋底材料特性，經比較後跟鞋底壓縮之情形顯示，僅有二次非線性曲線能正確表現鞋底材料之特性；本研究除了探討不同鞋底組合及步態對足底壓力之影響外，更確認了有限元素法應用於機能性鞋類設計之可行性。
• 英文摘要： The most influential factor contributing to foot and shoe comfort is underfoot cushioning. The shockabsorbing ability of footwear in the heel area is of particular importance in reducing the impact load duringathletic activities and in therapeutic footwear prescribed for heel pain. Furthermore, foot care for foot prob-lem patients is an important part of treatment and educational programs. Therefore, a well-designed sportshoe which can provide comfort and protection is essential. In order to design a functional shoe, biomechan-ics and other new technologies should be considered, and the design process should be examined in the bio-mechanics laboratory over and over. The design process requires too much time and effort since the entireexperimental and test work can only be done after the prototype is manufactured. Therefore, this study triedto introduce the Finite Element Method (FEM) into the shoe design process by building a three-dimensionalFE model with various shoe soles and loading conditions. The material properties of shoe materials weretested using an Instron Testing Machine. An in-shoe pressure insole was used to measure the plantar pressurein different ambulation conditions with various shoe constructions. The subject for this study was a healthyyoung male without any foot problem. The average plantar pressures obtained from approximately 50 stepsin the heel region for each of the various conditions were collected. The results showed that the mean peakplantar pressure of the running situation was significantly higher than that of the walking situation as pre-dicted, and that the insole could provide better cushioning compared to the other shoe constructions. Thestress strain relationship for shoe materials was approximated better by a second-order nonlinear curveaccording to the Instron test. The results of the finite element method suggested that only the second-ordernonlinear stress strain curve could correctly describe the shoe material, which also confirmed a potentialvaluable role for FEM in designing functional shoes.
• 中文關鍵字： plantar pressure; finite element method; shoe; insole; midsole.
• 英文關鍵字： --