• 作者： 郭重吉
• 作者服務機構： 國立彰化師範大學科學教育研究所
• 中文摘要： 本文旨在探討國中一、二年級學生對熱與溫度的另有架構，國二學生在國中理化課程中曾學過相關的題材，國一學生則尚未教到。所謂另有架構係指和學科內容有關的一個基本的、闡釋性的模型，它能說明由許多學生所共同持有的一些另有想法。在本研究中採用紙筆測驗和臨床晤談的二段式研究設計，藉以找出學生在熱和溫度方面的另有想法，亦即學生所另行持有的一些不符一般科學說明的想法。晤談對象包括國一國二學生各六位。他們係以立意方式自兩班共106位學生中選出，這些學生事先曾接受紙筆測驗，而其對熱與溫度的另有想法已由分析紙筆測驗結果予以確認。晤談所得數據的化簡、分析·和綜合係根據Ault，Novak，和Gowin所發展的晤談V圖的技術。由紙筆測驗晤談所找出學生對熱與溫度的另有想法經相互驗證後予以合併。審視學生這些另有想法的本質及其物理意義，在本研究中獲致下列另有架構：1．缺乏熱平衡概念。2．熱與溫度的混淆。3.視熱為實體存在的物質。4.加熱時物體內的分子不受影響。
• 英文摘要： The main purpose of this study was to investigate alternative frameworks of heat and temperatureamong both eighth-grade and seventh-grade students．The former had received formal instructionin the selected topics at the junior-high-school level, while the latter had not. An alternative frameworkwas a domain-specific underlying explanatory model capable of explaining the occurrence of certainalternative conceptions which were shared by many students．A two-stage research design involvinga paper-and-pencil test and a clinical interview was adopted in this study in order to identify students'alternative conceptions of heat and temperature, that is, conceptions which were opposed to or failedto fit into an accepted pattern of scientific explanation as offered by the standardized physical sciencetextbook．The subjects interviewed included six eighth-grade students and an equal number ofseventh-grade students．They were chosen purposely from two classes with a total of 106 students,whose alternative conceptions on heat and temperature had been identified by analyzing their responsesto the paper-and-pencil test．The technique of interview-V developed by Ault, Novak, and Gowinwas followed in this study for the reduction, analysis, and synthesis of data obtained from the inter-view．Students' alternative conceptions of heat and temperature obtained from analyses of boththe written test and the clinical interview were crosschecked and combined. A close examinationof the nature and the physical meanings of these alternative conceptions suggested the existence ofthe following alternative frameworks：1 ．Absence of the concept of thermal equilibrium．2. Confusion between heat and temperature.3 ．Heat as a material substance．4. Passive roles of molecules when an object was heated.
• 中文關鍵字： alternative frameworks, conceptions; heat; temperature; clinical interview
• 英文關鍵字： --