- 作者： Peiyu Zhu, Wangquan Ji, Dong Li, Zijie Li, Yu Chen, Bowen Dai, Shujie Han, Shuaiyin Chen, Yuefei Jin & Guangcai Duan
- 作者服務機構： 1.Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China 2.Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- 中文摘要：
- 英文摘要：
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral illness commonly seen in young children under 5 years of age, characterized by typical manifestations such as oral herpes and rashes on the hands and feet. These symptoms typically resolve spontaneously within a few days without complications. Over the past two decades, our understanding of HFMD has greatly improved and it has received significant attention. A variety of research studies, including epidemiological, animal, and in vitro studies, suggest that the disease may be associated with potentially fatal neurological complications. These findings reveal clinical, epidemiological, pathological, and etiological characteristics that are quite different from initial understandings of the illness. It is important to note that HFMD has been linked to severe cardiopulmonary complications, as well as severe neurological sequelae that can be observed during follow-up. At present, there is no specific pharmaceutical intervention for HFMD. An inactivated Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) vaccine that has been approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) has been shown to provide a high level of protection against EV-A71-related HFMD. However, the simultaneous circulation of multiple pathogens and the evolution of the molecular epidemiology of infectious agents make interventions based solely on a single agent comparatively inadequate. Enteroviruses are highly contagious and have a predilection for the nervous system, particularly in child populations, which contributes to the ongoing outbreak. Given the substantial impact of HFMD around the world, this Review synthesizes the current knowledge of the virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, therapy, sequelae, and vaccine development of HFMD to improve clinical practices and public health efforts. - 中文關鍵字：
- 英文關鍵字： Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, Epidemiological characteristic, Innate immune response, Sequelae, Treatment
