• 作者： Hong, Jan-Chen; Chen, Tai-Shang; Young, Pei-Jean
• 中文摘要： 本研究之目的乃探討在觸媒退化影響及最適溫度控制情況下,如何設計一個具階段間熱交換之多階絕熱式反應器以達到最大效能。換言之,吾人探究如何計算在多階反應器系統中每一個絕熱反應器之大小以及在整個觸媒之壽命中,如何階梯式調整各反應器之進口溫度,以使反應器之效能達到最大。以二氧化硫的氧化反應為例,由本研究所提供的方法可以得到系統中每一個絕熱反應器之大小以及溫度設定點之最適控制策略。結果顯示如果在設計階段即考慮觸媒退化以及相關的最適化控制策略則可以使反應器效能有明顯的增加而且反應器中必須使用較多的新鮮觸媒。探討最適化反應器溫度分布時發現在觸媒退化情況下,雖然多階絕熱式反應器系統中第一個反應器的出口溫度和單一絕熱式反應器相同地會隨著時間而下降,但是反應器系統中其它反應器的出口溫度卻隨著時間而上升,此乃觸媒退化對所有反應器的複和影響所致。考慮系統冷卻費用時,則造成反應器效能及溫度調整幅度的降低。在低冷卻費用的情況下可以發現雖然反應器效能有明顯的降低但最適化入口溫度和反應器大小卻和不考慮系統冷卻費用時幾乎相同。
• 英文摘要： The purpose of this research is to study the problem of how a multistage adiabatic reactor with interstage heat exchange and catalyst deactivation should be designed to obtain the best possible performance when it is controlled optimally. In particular, we ask what the size of each adiabatic reactor in the multistage reactor system should be and how the inlet temperature of each adiabatic stage should be stepwise controlled during the whole life of catalyst to maximize a performance index. The oxidation reaction of sulfur dioxide has been chosen as the model reaction system. The optimal reactor size and temperature set-point control policy for each adiabatic stage can be obtained by the method proposed by this study. It has been found that considering catalyst deactivation and the corresponding optimal control policy during the design phase results in significantly better reactor performance and more fresh catalyst was used in the reactor. The study on the optimal reactor temperature behaviors has concluded that although the outlet temperature of the first stage of the multistage adiabatic reactor decreases with time, in a way similar to that of a single-stage reactor under catalyst deactivation, the outlet temperature of the other stages may increase with time due to the combined effects of catalyst decay on all stages. Considering cooling cost reduces reactor performance and the degree of temperature adjustment. For the cases of low cooling costs, the optimal inlet temperature and reactor size are almost the same as that of negligible cooling cost, though the reactor performance drops down significantly.
• 中文關鍵字： 多階絕熱式反應器; 觸媒退化; 設計; 控制; 階段間熱交換
• 英文關鍵字： Multistage Adiabatic Reactors; Catalyst Decay; Design; Control; Interstage Heat Exchange