• 作者： 唐美逸
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學植物病蟲學系
• 中文摘要： 以電子生理學之方法，研究數種有機磷藥劑對家蠅唇瓣上感覺毛之影響。直接的方法，是將所
  應用之藥劑，加入毛細管內，而使毛細管與昆蟲之唇瓣上感覺毛直接相接觸而完成。當測定時，其
  尖電位之頻率，在藥劑處理後之10至20分鐘內，在巴接松增加達一倍，DDVP 則增加達 3 倍，而
  Imidan 亦增加約 1 偣，其頻率之增加，是因膽鹼酯?抑制後，神經興奮之結果。
  以滴點處理法而研究昆蟲中毒後，其病徵之發展過程，乃將藥劑處理於昆蟲之胸部背板上，其
  病徵之發展，與自唇瓣上所紀錄之電位反應之影響成正相關。例如在過度活動期中，電位變動之形
  式，電位頻率之改變，尖電位之出現，成?尖電位之增加等是。而在擊倒之後期，則無論電位之型
  式，或尖電位之頻率，皆回復至與無處理者相似。換言之，即神經由興奮至極度興奮，隨即轉入衰
  弱而終於死亡。
  由本實驗獲得一種極精細可靠之方法，可以區別各種不同藥劑，對昆蟲化學感覺器之影響，及
  了解藥劑對昆蟲之毒理作用，更進而可研究神經毒劑（Neurotoxins），對表皮神經及中央神經系統
  之影響，及神經?系之毒理作用，以及藥劑本身之分解物，或其代謝產物，對昆蟲之影響等。o
• 英文摘要： The electrophysiological technique of Hodgson, Lettuin and Roeder was used tostudy the effects of organic phosphates on the labellar hair of the house fly, Muscadomestica L. Direct applications of the insecticides were made in a glass capillary as arecording electrode placed over individual sensory hair. When applied directly, DDVPproduced a three-fold increase in frequency of spikes whereas Imidan and Parathionboth produced a one-fold increase in frequency of spikes. The frequencies werehigher than those of the control which was continued for 20 minutes of half-hourstudy. In the present experiment, toxic symptoms were studied following topical applica-tions of the three organophospates to the mesoscutum of the flies. Symptomsproduced were correlated with electrical responses recorded from labellar hair of theaffected flies. For instance, there was considerable distortion, variability of pattern,as well as increased frequency of bursts of spikes which occurred through the hyper-activity period. But, during paralysis, the frequency and pattern of discrete spikesand the bursts of spikes were returned to the conditions similar to those of thecontrol. In the other words, no spikes could be recorded. These results are discussed with respect to fundamental physiological procssesin chemoreception upon which they bear a relationship between afferent activity fromthis sensory hair and the behavior of the toxicated insects.
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