• 作者： 李國欽; 李貽華
• 作者服務機構： 臺灣植物保護中心
• 中文摘要： 以三種生物檢定法：根生長生物檢定法（Root bioassay）、莖生長生物檢定法（Shootbioassay），以及水耕法（Water culture)，比較不同作物對農藥之反應，發現以水耕法作物對農藥之反應最為敏感。在水耕法中又以根的生長對農藥之反應最為敏感。 利用水稻田常用之 17 種農藥對蘿蔔、香瓜、豌豆、芥菜、胡瓜之根生長抑制，導出不同農藥濃度與作物生長抑制之相關關係公式共65項。此等公式似可用於檢定水中殘留農藥是否有對作物造成為害之潛能。 將 17 種水稻田常用農藥在施用後可能在稻田水中造成之最高殘留量，代入上述公式，發現四種殺草劑，一種殺菌劑，兩種殺蟲劑在田間推廣用藥條件下，可能對作物生長會有不良影響。此一方法似可作為檢驗水稻田用農藥在正式推廣前是否會影響其他作物生長之用。
• 英文摘要： By comparing the responses of test cropsin three different bioassay methods: root bioas-say, shoot bioassay, and water culture, it wasfound that the water culture is the most sensi-tive method of the three for studying the res-ponse of crops to pesticides. In water culture,the root growth of the crop responded sharplyto the various pesticides tested. In studying the effects of 17 of the mostcommonly used pesticides in rice fields on thegrowth of radish, muskmelon, pea, mustard andcucumber, 65 equations expressing the relation-ship between the concentration of pesticides inwater and growth inhibition of crops werederived. These equations could be used to me-asure the potential hazardous effect of pesticidedissolved in water and applied to crops. By calculating the maximum residue ofthese pesticides in the paddy water accordingto the recommended rate of application andsubstituting the residual value into the aboveequations, it was found that 4 herbicides, 1fungicide, and 2 insecticides might have adverseeffect on the growth of crops. This methodcould be used to measure the effect of pesticideson nontarget crops before the pesticides arerecommended for field use.
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