- 作者: 曾哲明
- 作者服務機構: 國立台灣師範大學生物學系
- 中文摘要: 生物技術科學為我國科技發展的八大重點學門之一,本研究即在探討生物技術科學之範圍與內容,並發展出內容分類架構。研究方法採用修改過之「大慧術」(Delphi technique),過程包括「文獻探討」、「擬定問卷」、「選定專家」、「寄發及回收問卷」、「初步修正」、「寄回修正問卷」、「專家訪談」、「第二次修正」、「定稿」等程序,在生物技術科學的範圍與內容上,獲得專家廣泛意見及共識。參與問卷填答之專家有11位,參與訪談及座談之專家,連研究者本身共16位,結論為:(1)生物技術科學涵蓋16個領域,包括微生物學、化學、細胞生物學、分子生物學、食品科學、化學工程學、動物學、植物學、生理學、遺傳學、食品技術工程學、生化工程學、生物化學、免疫學、動物培養學及醫學工程學;(2)生物技術科學應包涵生物技術科學的本質、生物技術科學的演進、分子生物技術科學的基本知識、分子生物技術科學的主要技術、操縱原核細胞基因之表現、真核綑胞的表現系統、蛋白質工程技術、診斷試劑、疫苗及治療製劑、生物性分解作用、工業微生物產品之生產技術、基因轉殖動物、基因治療及生物技術科學之社會觀等15個主概念,每一主概念及次概念則以生物分類法組成分類架構。本分類架構將能對爾後生物技術科學教材之編寫、生物技術科學課程之設計、生物技術工業投資策略之擬定及生物技術研發方向之評估有所助益。
- 英文摘要: Biotechnology has been declared a "strategic industry" and made a national priority by thegovernment in Taiwan. In this study, the opinions of biotechnology experts were investigated and ataxonomic structure describing the range and content of the field of biotechnology proposed. A modifiedDelphi technique was followed in this study. The study included a literature survey, design of aquestionnaire, first distribution of the questionnaire, preliminary modification of questionnaire content,distribution of the modified version, face-to face expert panel discussions, and finally completion ofthe final version of the taxonomy. The expert panel included 11 experts at the first stage (questionnaire)and 16 experts at the second stage (expert panel discussion). The conclusions are as follows: (1)Biotechnology requires a wide range of knowledge from at least 16 disciplines, including microbiology,chemistry, and molecular biology, etc. (2) Biotechnology should cover 15 main concepts includingits definition, historical development, basic knowledge, basic techniques, manipulation of prokaryoticcell genes, manipulation of eukaryotic cell genes, protein engineering, application of microbes to producecommercial products, diagnostic reagents, vaccines and therapeutic drugs, microbial degradation,downstream processes and social aspects of biotechnology. The taxonomic structure of biotechnologyderived through expert consensus should allow for further development of curriculum for biotechnologyprograms.
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