• 作者： 張玉珍
• 作者服務機構： 臺灣省菸酒公賣局菸葉試驗所
• 中文摘要： 菸草捲葉病為菸草重要病害之一，其發病原因係由粉蝨類昆蟲所傳播，據文獻記載，已知者有Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius）, B. tuberculata Bondar, Trialeurodes nalalensis Cobb, 及Aleurotrachelus socialis Bondar 等四種粉蝨均為該病之媒介昆蟲。本省菸草捲葉病之媒介昆蟲險由筆者（1964）暨林天財等（1965）試驗證實有菸草粉蝨（Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius））一種外，本試驗結果獲知番石榴白粉蝨（Aleurotuberculatus psidii（Singh））亦為該病媒介昆蟲之一，且該蟲之能傳播菸草捲葉病，本文乃首次報導，過去尚無記錄，茲將試驗結果摘要如次:（一）粉蝨蟲數與傳病關係： 以5隻成蟲接種者，即可引致捲葉病發生，潛伏期為28－34天但用30隻成蟲接種者，潛伏期為22－30天。（二）粉蝨獲得病毒所需時間： 裝未帶毒粉蝨之接種籠，使之附著於病株葉背，任其取食30分鐘後，郎能獲得病毒，但經取食60分鐘後發病株數為前者之4倍。（三）粉蝨附著時間與傳病關係： 帶毒粉蝨裝於接種籠內，使之附著於健康菸株主，經15分鐘之接種時間，即能引致發病，此項接種 9 株菸苗中僅1株發病，而接種取食達60分鐘時有 4 株發病，是以接種取食之時間愈長，發病株數愈多。（四）粉蝨保持毒力時間之測定： 經測定結果，粉蝨於脫離病株24小時以後，尚有傳病力。（五）菸草品種具罹病程度： 本項試驗所用之五個菸草品種，均能受捲葉病之感染，其中以萬佛金發病株數較多（50%），Muzor 發病株數較少（10%），故知 Muzor 品種對菸草捲葉病確具若干抵抗力。
• 英文摘要： Tobacco leaf curl is one of the virus diseases. The vectors of the disease arethe whiteflies, known as Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), B. tuberculata Bondar, Tri-aleurodes natalensis Cobb, and Aleurotrachelus socialis Bondar. From the presentstudies, it has been found that Aleurotuberculatus psidii (Singh), another member ofthe family Aleyrodidae, can be a vector of tobacco leaf curl. A small inoculationcell was made out of soft PVC tube with 80 mesh nylon-cloth top for keeping theadults and was attached to the lower surface of tobacco leaf in transmitting thevirus. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Tobacco leaf curl could be induced by using five viruliferous whiteflies onhealthy plants. An incubation period ranged from 28-34 days by five whiteflies to22-30 days by thirty numbers of the insect. 2. Transmitting ability could be obtained for non-viruliferous whiteflies byattaching them to infected plant for 30 minutes stay. It showed that there wasappreciable improvement in the percentage infeciton, when acquisition feeding periodwas increased beyond an hour. 3. Minimum inoculation feeding period of 15 minutes on the healthy plant wasneeded for whiteflies in transmitting tobacco leaf curl. The percentage infectionincreased with the period of feeding on the healthy plant between 30 and 120 minutes. 4. The virus persisted in the vector for at least 24 hours. 5. The virus affected Vam-Hicks, Vam-Va-Gold, Hicks, Vam-fen-Hicks, andMuzor tobacco varieties with varying degrees of infection, the percentages ofdiseased plants were 40%, 50%, 33%, 33%, and 10%, respectively. It indicated thatMuzor, a variety from Thailand, has considerable resistance to the disease.
• 中文關鍵字： --
• 英文關鍵字： --