• 作者： 徐阿里
• 作者服務機構： 台灣省畜產試驗所
• 中文摘要： 分析自高粱酒麴中分離之紅(米曲)菌變異株Monascus kaoliang W-12 菌體、台糖飼料用酵母菌菌體及脫脂大豆粉之蛋白質組成氨基酸含量來評定蛋白質的品質，並由蛋白質真消化率、生物價測定與飼養動物試驗來比較其蛋白質等營養價值。 紅(米曲)菌菌體蛋白質所含氨基酸（g／16gN）以 Glutamic acid 含量為最高，而必需氨基酸含量則以 Lysine 為最高，Histidine 為最低，Tryptophan 及含硫氨基酸（Methionine＋Cystine）量則高於酵母菌菌體與脫脂大豆粉，很可補充現有飼料中 Tryptophan 與含硫氨基酸的不足。蛋白質之 Chemical score（%）（對生長鼠所需之必需氨基酸含量百分數最低者）為37.6（Thre-onine）低於脫脂大豆粉 43.6（Met.＋Cys.）與酪蛋白 67.8（Met. ＋Cys.），但高於酵母菌菌體 30.6（Met.＋Cys.）。必需氨基酸需要旨數（Essential amino acid requirement index)財為58.06%亦高於酵母菌菌體49.96%，但稍低於脫脂大豆粉59.34%與酪蛋白90.11%。 成熟雄鼠對紅(米曲)菌菌體蛋白質的真消化率為73.21%，極顯著地低於酪蛋白 93.51% 及脫脂大豆粉 80.79%（P＜0.01），而其生物價 59.03% 亦極顯著地低於酪蛋白 78.03%（p＜0.01），且低於脫脂大豆粉 66.49%，但優於酵母菌菌體 54.17%。 紅(米曲)菌菌體含粗蛋白質（對乾物質的比數）34.38%低於酵母菌菌體 41.42% 及脫脂大豆粉 48.71%。使用紅(米曲)菌體粉 8.1% 於飼料中，經剛離乳白鼠二十一天的飼養試驗結果，知紅(米曲)菌菌體可以促進幼鼠的生長及飼料利用效率，比使用等量蛋白質之脫脂大豆粉組（5.6%）及酵母菌菌體組（7.0%）之效果較優，但無顯著的差異。紅(米曲)菌體可作為蛋白飼料來源之一。
• 英文摘要： Three trials were conducted to studythe amino acid composition, true digesti-bility, biological value and feeding valueof protein in Fodder yeast, defatted soy-ean meal and the single-cell protein pro-duced by a mutant of Monascus kaoliangwith rat. The amino acid composition of proteinwas analyzed quantitatively by the auto-matic amino acid analyzer and the bioassaymethod. Among the essential amino acids(g／16gN) of Monascus kaoliang protein,lysine content was highest and threoninewas lowest. Monascus　kaoliang containsmore tryptophan, methionine and cystinethan yeast and defatted soybean meal dothat it can be used as the source oftryptophan and S-amino acid in feeds. Thechemical score based on the most limit-ing essential amino acid requirement ofgrowing rat was proposed as a chemicalestimate of the nutritive value of proteinsThe chemical score（%）of Monascus kao-liang, 37.6 (threonine)　was better thanthat of yeast，30.6 (met.＋ cys.) and notas good as that of defatted soybean meal43.6 (met. ＋ cys.) and casein 67.8 (met.＋ cys.). Twenty male adult rats of Spraque-Dawley strain were caged individually inmetabolism cage and divided into fourgroups by random for determination oftrue digestibility and biological value offour different proteins; Monascus kaoliang,yeast, defatted soybean meal and casein.The true digestibility of Monascus kaoliang,73.21% was significantly inferior than thatof casein, 93.51% and defatted soybeanmeal, 80.79% (p＜0.01). The biologicalvalue (%) of Monascus kaoliang, 59.03 wasalso significantly worse than that of cas-ein, 78.03 (p＜0.01) but slightly betterthan that of yeast, 54.17 and worse thanthat of defatted soybean meal, 66.49 whichwas better than that of yeast (p＜0.05). In the third trial, 15 male and 12female weanling rats of Spraque-Dawleystrain were caged individually and dividedinto three groups by randomized completeblock design and fed three different diets.All had 7.5% protein from casein and theremainder 2.5% protein came from 3 diff-erent sources : Monascus kaoliang, yeastand defatted soybean meal. Through a 21-day feeding trial, the result indicatedthat the rats taking Monascus kaoliang,protein had a little benefit over that ofyeast and defatted soybean protein on theaverage weight gain and feed conversionrate (the feed conversion in grams pergram weight gain). The single-cell proteinderived from a mutant of Monascus kaol-iang can be one of the promising proteinsources for feeds.
• 中文關鍵字： --
• 英文關鍵字： --