• 作者： 孫得雄
• 作者服務機構： 行政院研究發展考核委員會
• 中文摘要： 中國傳統社會的家，以父系擴大家庭為理想；為求家庭之發展，形成早婚、多子多孫、重視男嗣、父權及孝道等特色。惟隨著社會的現代化，亦即都市化、工商業化，家庭的形成、功能、家庭成員之問的關係，及型態均發生了顯著的變化。以臺灣為例而言，近數十年來教育的普及與程度的提高，工商業就業機會的增加，生活方式的改變，及西方觀念的引入等，對傳統的中國式家庭有了很大的影響，使之改變。就家庭的形成來說，不但結婚年齡顯著提高，結婚率或有偶率亦隨著降低，但離婚率卻有提高之趨勢，再婚亦有增多的現象，而婚姻的方式，從父母做主的形態逐漸改變為以子女意見為主的形態。家庭型態上核心家庭的比例增加；結婚初期和父母同住的情形，雖然有減少趨勢，卻仍非常普遍。家庭結構的影響可分為組合效果及實質效果；近年來後者有減弱趨勢，但前者仍維持相當高水準。家庭成員的關係中，父母與丈夫的權威隨著外界就業機會的增加而轉弱；親子關係雖然因核心家庭的增加而有趨疏遠之感，但兩者之問的互相訪問及金錢的交流有彌補的作用。年輕一代雖然愈不願和父母同住，卻仍願意履行其他親子關係之規範。綜合來說，在臺灣的中國家庭雖然因現代化而改變，卻仍保存相當程度的傳統形態與功能。
• 英文摘要： When Chinese began to migrate to Taiwan over 300 years ago they brought with them thetraditional Chinese family system. Although the environment did not permit them to achieve theideal type, the values and customs of the traditional Chinese family system were maintained.However, the increase in education, rapid economic development, urbanization, and other effectsof Taiwan's modernization, has caused the family to change. The age at marriage has risen, andthe proportion of the population married has decreased and, recently divorce and remarriage seemto have increased. Finally the form of marriage arrangement has changed from mostly "byparents" to "by self." The effects of modernization on family structure can be divided into those that are composi-tional and those that are substantial. Although the substantial effects seem to have decreased, thecompositional effects have persisted. First, the proportion of nuclear families continues toincrease, but the frequency and duration of married children living with their parents right aftermarriage has decreased. Second, the decrease in co-residence with parents was compensated to someextent by visiting parents and flow of wealth between the two generations. Finally, the modernyoung generation was less willing than before to live with their parents, but was still willing toperform their traditional duties toward parents. In all, Chinese family in Taiwan has been chang-ing due to modernization, but still maintains a substantial part of its traditional characteristics.
• 中文關鍵字： Chinese family; social change; Taiwan
• 英文關鍵字： --