• 作者： 薄善萍; 張簡貴明; 林泰璋
• 作者服務機構： 國立清華大學工業化學研究所
• 中文摘要： 本實驗的目的在於研究非燒結及燒結鎳極之製造方法及特性，研究結果顯示非燒結型鎳極單位重量的容量較燒結型鎳極大，製造成本亦較低，適合於低速率放電。燒結型鎳極則機械強度較好，表面積大，適於高速率放電，非燒結型鎳極單位重量之電容量大於燒結型鎳極，但前者單位體積的容量小於後者。 由實驗結果發現由石墨P. V. C, P. S.,可製成具高利用率的電極，最適施加壓力為140 lb/Cm -500 lb/CM ，石墨含量在 30-40％,之間，Ni（OH） 在50-60％，Co（OH） 在10％最適合。
• 英文摘要： The cycle life of nickel-zinc secondary bat-tery has been limited due to failures caused bythe shape change of zinc electrode and thepenetration of dendritic zinc through the separ-ators. The present method of the manufactureof nickel battery electrodes requires the use ofsintered porous nickel plaques and an involvedchemical impregnation process for incorporatingNi(OH) into these plaques. A simpler fabrica-tion process would be desirable. The present work was undertaken to correctthese deficiencies. The experimental results indicate that theextent of zinc electrode shape change can bereduced, but the coefficient of its use will be-come too low if tubular construction is used forpreparation of the zinc electrodes. The zincelectrodes fabricated by the electrodepositionmethod have better discharge performance, butthe extent of shape change they suffered is larger.Both thebattery discharge performance and thezinc electrode shape change will be worsened ifV 0 is added to the electrolyte. The batterydischarge performance can be improved, whereasthe electrode shape change will be aggravatedif the electrolyte is doped with Pb0 (0.031 g/liter).The zinc electrode surface can be made easilypassivated,the discharge capacity will be decrea-sed, and the extent of zinc electrode shape changewill be reduced if about 1.0 wt.%of SnCI .2H 0or TINO is added to the zinc active material,The battery discharge performance is improvedwhereas the extent of electrode shape change isincreased by the addition of about 1.0% 1n 0 to the electrolyte. The electrode shape changecan be mitigated by saturating the electrolytewith zinc oxide solution. If a layer of microporous, low resistancecellophane is added to the zinc electrode sideof the separator system in place of a layer ofnonwoven fabric, improved battery dischargeperformance as well as reduced electrode shapechange can be obtained. The capacity per unit weight of the non-sintered composite nickel electrodes is higherthan that found for sintered electrodes. Thecomposite electrodes have better performance atlow discharge rates, and the fabrication processfor such electrodes is simpler, and more econ-omic. However, the sintered electrodes havebetter mechanical strength, larger surface areaand higher capacity per unit volume of thenickel electrode, and better discharge performanceat high discharge rates. The optimum values parameters controllingthe fabrication of non-sintered nickel electrodesobtained by a fractorial experimental programwere: a nickel active material that contains50-60 wt. %Ni(OH) , 30-40% graphite, 10%Co(OH）, and 5-7.5% PVC or PS; and acompression of 900-3,200 psia applied to theelectrode.
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